Abstract: With the livestock breeding industry in China growing steadily in total volume, the issue of environment pollution caused by livestock and poultry breeding projects is coming up more and more prominent. Implementation of the environmental impact assessment (EIA) system for livestock and poultry breeding farms of all sizes is an important way to raise the environmental protection level of livestock and poultry breeding. Aiming at the actual problems in implementing environmental impact assessment of the current livestock and poultry farm and zone construction projects, like shortage of EIA agencies, unreasonable guiding price for EIA", "unjustifiable assessment items" and "weak awareness of environmental protection" etc., it is suggested that to constitute guiding principles for EIA of livestock and poultry breeding farm and zone construction projects as soon as possible and the guiding principles for EIA should pinpoint that "comprehensive utilization of the waste of livestock and poultry breeding" as a dominant idea. The EIA system should be designed to cover all related aspects, including site selection, equipment configuration and operations management, etc.