济南岩溶地区小岭重点渗漏带补源试验

赵有美; 刘小平; 齐欢

doi:10.11932/karst20230112

济南岩溶地区小岭重点渗漏带补源试验

doi: 10.11932/karst20230112

赵有美^{1, 2, 3,},
刘小平^{1, 2, 3, ,},
齐欢^{1, 2, 3}

1.
山东省地质矿产勘查开发局八〇一水文地质工程地质大队, 山东济南 250014
2.
山东省地质矿产勘查开发局地下水资源与环境重点实验室, 山东济南 250014
3.
山东省地下水环境保护与修复工程技术研究中心, 山东济南 250014

基金项目: 山东省重点研发计划（2017CXGC1601）；山东省自然科学基金项目（ZR2019PD019）

详细信息

作者简介:
赵有美（1974－），女，高级工程师，主要从事水工环地质及泉水保护方面的研究工作。E-mail：13573785057@139.com

通讯作者:
刘小平（1975－），女，高级工程师，主要从事水工环地质研究工作。E-mail：408506209@qq.com

中图分类号: P641.8
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-01-10
- 刊出日期: 2023-02-25

Experimental study on source compensation of Xiaoling key seepage zone in Jinan karst area

ZHAO Youmei^{1, 2, 3
,},
LIU Xiaoping^{1, 2, 3
, ,},
QI Huan^{1, 2, 3}

1.
801 Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology, Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology & Mineral Resources, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology & Mineral Resources, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
3.
Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environmental Protection and Remediation on Groundwater, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China

摘要

摘要: 为了解济南趵突泉泉域重点渗漏带下伏可溶性岩补源渗漏特征、影响因素及对泉水的影响，以小岭重点渗漏带为研究对象，采用野外调查、地球物理勘探、钻探、补源试验、模型评估等方法，分析小岭重点渗漏带下伏可溶性岩石岩性、厚度、岩溶发育情况、影响因素及补源渗漏量，评估补源效果。结果表明：小岭重点渗漏带下伏岩层为炒米店组，岩性主要为中厚层微晶灰岩、薄层状灰岩、泥质条带灰岩，厚度自东向西从7.6 m向56.3 m增厚，岩溶发育较弱，受千佛山断裂影响，发育规模大的断裂带两侧岩溶越发育，岩溶发育带越宽，补源渗漏能力越强。在钻孔补源条件下，小岭重点渗漏带断裂两侧精准补源地段炒米店组地层补源渗漏量为20 023 m³·d⁻¹。在综合考虑其他补源措施的情况下枯水期补源量为15 000 m³·d⁻¹、补源时长1个月对泉水的影响值为2 cm。
- 重点渗漏带 /
- 岩溶地下水 /
- 千佛山断裂 /
- 补源渗漏量
Abstract: Located in Baotu Spring area, the study area is a key leakage zone in Xiaoling, a valley with east-west trend surrounded by the foothills of Jiunu Mountain, Xinglong Mountain, Changgeng Mountain and Hujia Mountain. The total area of this leakage zone is 4.03 km². This study is aimed at understanding the characteristics and influencing factors of the leakage of source supplement of the soluble rock under the key seepage zone of Baotu Spring area in Jinan. Besides, this study may provide a basis for the selection of accurate location of source supplement and for the restoration measures of key leakage zone.In this paper, the thickness of Quaternary system, the buried depth and thickness of underlying soluble rock layer, the development degree of karst fissures, the distribution characteristics of fault structures, and the leakage amount and its effect on spring water in Xiaoling key leakage zone are studied by using the methods of field geological investigation, geophysics exploration, drilling, water injection and recharge experiment, and model simulation and prediction evaluation. The thickness of the Quaternary in the Xiaoling key leakage zone is 2.7-6.0 m, and the underlying strata of the Quaternary are the Chaomidian Formation with the lithology mainly composed of medium-thick micro-crystalline limestone, thin-bedded limestone and argillaceous-banded limestone. Controlled by the sedimentary environment, the formation development of Chaomidian Formation gradually thickens from east to west with its thickness from 7.6 m in the east to 56.3 m in the west. Fault structures are mainly developed with the north-north-west Qianfo Mountain Fault and the near-east-west fault in the key leakage zone. The development of karst is mainly controlled by stratum lithology and fault structure. The karstification of Chaomidian Formation is weak in the study area, affected by the Qianfo Mountain fault. On both sides of the large-scale fault zone, the more developed the karst is, the stronger the leakage of source supplement becomes. Under the condition of drilling and source supplement test, the amount of source-replenishing leakage of the Chaomidian Formation is 20,023 m³·d⁻¹ on both sides of the fault in the Xiaoling key leakage zone. Given other recharge measures, the recharge amount is 15,000 m³·d⁻¹ in the dry season, and the influence value of one-month recharge time on spring water is 2 cm. The research findings show that the influencing factors of recharge amount of the Guaternary underlying soluble rocks are listed as follows: the lithology of the underlying soluble rock, the degree of karst development, the degree of controlling over karst development by the fault structure, the width of the fracture zone of the fault structure, etc.. Besides, the fractured shatter zone in the key leakage zone is a precise source supplement section.
- key leakage zone /
- karst groundwater /
- Qianfo Mountain fault /
- leakage of source supplement

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图 1 研究区地质图

Figure 1. Geological map of the study area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 千佛山断裂钻孔及地质剖面线位置示意图

Figure 2. Locations of boreholes and geological section lines in the Qianfoshan fault

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图 3 千佛山断裂地质剖面图

Figure 3. Geological section of the Qianfoshan fault

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图 4 模拟区范围图

Figure 4. Simulation area map

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图 5 模拟区典型岩溶水长期观测点水位拟合图

Figure 5. Fitting diagram of water level at long-term observation point of typical karst water in the simulation area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 千佛山断裂地层厚度统计表

Table 1. Statistics of formation thickness in the Qianfoshan fault

地层厚度/m	ZK1	ZK2	ZK3	ZK4	ZK5
第四系	2.7	5.0	4.0	6.0	5.8
炒米店组	56.3	30.0	32.0	42.0	7.6

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表 2 注水层厚度与注水量统计表

Table 2. Statistics of thickness of water injection layer and water injection quantity

钻孔号	初始水位埋深/m	注水量/m³·d⁻¹	注水时间/h	稳定水位埋深/m	注水层厚度/m	距离断裂距离
ZK1	19.29	108	11	0.22	11.3	F4断裂西40 m
ZK2	22.95	2 880	11	1.20	22.0	F4断裂东13.5 m
ZK3	18.86	2400	8	0.30	12.7	F1断裂西4.5 m
ZK4	24.20	228	5	1.18	12.4	F1断裂东3 m
ZK5	14.69				1.2	F2断裂东7 m

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表 3 允许补源量计算综合表

Table 3. Comprehensive table for calculation of allowable supplementary sources

断裂带	水头高度/m	渗水段/m	渗透系数/m·d⁻¹	大井半径/m	渗漏量/m·d⁻¹
F1	18.36	12.70	7.37	7.07	10 582
F4	22.45	22.00	7.06	5.66	9 441

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表 4 2017年10月-2018年9月岩溶地下水均衡表

Table 4. Karst groundwater balance from October,2017 to September, 2018

地下水均衡	源汇项	岩溶水补排量/10⁴ m³·d⁻¹
地下水均衡	源汇项	趵突泉泉域
补给	降雨	30.04
	侧向补给量	4.76
	越流	0.14
	河道水库渗流量	12.00
	灌溉回渗量	1.52
	小计	48.46
排泄	人工开采	26.74
	泉水排泄	16.55
	侧向排泄量	3.19
	越流	1.55
	小计	48.03
补排差		0.43

下载: 导出CSV

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