透明阻燃纳米纤维素/黏土复合薄膜的制备和性能

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2017.732

材料研究学报

2018, Vol. 32

Issue (11): 874-880 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2017.732

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透明阻燃纳米纤维素/黏土复合薄膜的制备和性能

明思逸¹, 陈港¹, 严俊芳¹, 何嘉皓¹, 朱家添¹, 刘映尧¹, 方志强^1,²(

)

1 华南理工大学华南协同创新研究院制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室广州 510640
2 华南理工大学国家金属材料近净成形工程技术研究中心金属材料高效近净成形技术与装备教育部重点实验室广州 510640

Preparation and Properties of a Transparent and Fire-retardant Nanocomposite Film of NFC/Nanoclay

Siyi MING¹, Gang CHEN¹, Junfang YAN¹, Jiahao HE¹, Jiatian ZHU¹, Yingyao LIU¹, Zhiqiang FANG^1,²(

)

1 State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China Institution of Collaborative Innovation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
2 National Engineering Research Center of Neat-Net-Shape Forming for Metallic Materials, The Key Laboratory of High Efficient Neat-Net-Shape Forming Technology and Equipments for Metallic Materials, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China

引用本文:

明思逸, 陈港, 严俊芳, 何嘉皓, 朱家添, 刘映尧, 方志强. 透明阻燃纳米纤维素/黏土复合薄膜的制备和性能[J]. 材料研究学报, 2018, 32(11): 874-880.
Siyi MING, Gang CHEN, Junfang YAN, Jiahao HE, Jiatian ZHU, Yingyao LIU, Zhiqiang FANG. Preparation and Properties of a Transparent and Fire-retardant Nanocomposite Film of NFC/Nanoclay[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2018, 32(11): 874-880.

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摘要:

先将多层结构的黏土剥离成单片层黏土以提高黏土厚度的均匀性,再借助纳米纤维素在水中优异的空间位阻效应提高黏土在干燥过程中的稳定性以实现黏土在薄膜厚度方向上的有序堆叠,提高纳米纤维素/黏土复合薄膜的透光率,制备了一种透明、阻燃纳米纤维素/黏土复合薄膜。使用SEM、XRD、AFM、TGA等仪器分析和表征了复合薄膜结构、热稳定性和阻燃性。结果表明,当黏土与纳米纤维素质量比为1:1时复合薄膜的透光率达到90%,极限氧指数>60%。

关键词 ：材料表面与界面, 纳米复合薄膜, 纳米纤维素, 纳米黏土, 透明, 阻燃

Abstract：

A transparent and fire-retardant nanocomposite film of NFC/nanoclay was prepared in order to realize the compatibility between high transparency and fire retardance. Firstly, the clay was exfoliated from lamellar structure into monolayer structure to enhance its uniformity in thickness; secondly, during the fabrication of nanocomposite film, the stability of monolayer clay suspension is enhanced by taking advantage of the excellent steric hindrance of NFC in water. Consequently, the individual monolayer nanoclay is self-assembled into nanocomposite film with well-ordered mortar-and-brick structure, which facilitates the transmission of light through the hybrid film. The structure, thermal stability, and flammability of the nanocomposite film were characterized by means of SEM, XRD, and TGA. The results show that as the mass ratio of monolayer clay to NFC is 1:1, the nanocomposite film exhibits ca 90% transparency and a limiting oxygen index over 60%.

Key words： surface and interface in the materials nanocomposite film nanofibrillated cellulose nanoclay transparency fire retardancy

收稿日期: 2017-12-12

ZTFLH:

O484

基金资助:国家自然科学青年科学基金(31700508),广东省自然科学基金-博士启动(2017A030310635),国家金属材料近净成形工程技术研究中心、金属材料高效近净成形技术与装备教育部重点实验室开放基金(2016006)

作者简介:

作者简介明思逸,男,1994年生,本科生

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2017.732 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2018/V32/I11/874

图1 纳米纤维素分散的单片层黏土的AFM图像和AFM图像中线扫描的高度图

图2 单片层黏土与纳米纤维素质量比为1:1的复合薄膜实物图和黏土粉末与纳米纤维素质量比为1:1的复合薄膜实物照片(薄膜尺寸都为10 cm×10 cm)

图3 复合薄膜横截面的SEM图、复合薄膜表面的SEM图、纯黏土粉末的XRD射线衍射谱以及单黏土与纳米纤维素质量比为1:1的复合薄膜的XRD射线衍射谱

图4 透明纳米纤维素薄膜和透明复合薄膜热稳定性能的表征。纳米纤维素薄膜和单片层黏土与纳米纤维素质量比为1:1的复合薄膜在氮气保护下的热重分析TG曲线(a)和微商热重分析DTG曲线(b)

图5 透明阻燃复合薄膜(单片层黏土与纳米纤维素质量比为1:1,厚度：30 μm)的实时燃烧照片

图6 单片层黏土与纳米纤维素质量比为1:1时,透明阻燃纳米纤维素/黏土复合复合薄膜燃烧后横截面和表面的形貌：低倍数下燃烧后的薄膜横截面SEM图像、燃烧后的薄膜表面SEM图像以及燃烧后薄膜横截面的Si元素分布(黄色边框内红点色代表了Si元素)

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