Increased serum kallistatin levels in type 1 diabetes patients with vascular complications

Main Article Content

Alicia J Jenkins Jeffrey D McBride Andrzej S Januszewski Connie S Karschimkus Bin Zhang David N O'Neal Craig L Nelson Jasmine S Chung C Alex Harper Timothy J Lyons Jian-Xing Ma

Abstract

Background

Kallistatin, a serpin widely produced throughout the body, has vasodilatory, anti-angiogenic, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. Effects of diabetes and its vascular complications on serum kallistatin levels are unknown.

Methods

Serum kallistatin was quantified by ELISA in a cross-sectional study of 116 Type 1 diabetic patients (including 50 with and 66 without complications) and 29 non-diabetic controls, and related to clinical status and measures of oxidative stress and inflammation.

Results

Kallistatin levels (mean(SD)) were increased in diabetic vs. control subjects (12.6(4.2) vs. 10.3(2.8) μg/ml, p = 0.007), and differed between diabetic patients with complications (13.4(4.9) μg/ml), complication-free patients (12.1(3.7) μg/ml), and controls; ANOVA, p = 0.007. Levels were higher in diabetic patients with complications vs. controls, p = 0.01, but did not differ between complication-free diabetic patients and controls, p > 0.05. On univariate analyses, in diabetes, kallistatin correlated with renal dysfunction (cystatin C, r = 0.28, p = 0.004; urinary albumin/creatinine, r = 0.34, p = 0.001; serum creatinine, r = 0.23, p = 0.01; serum urea, r = 0.33, p = 0.001; GFR, r = -0.25, p = 0.009), total cholesterol (r = 0.28, p = 0.004); LDL-cholesterol (r = 0.21, p = 0.03); gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) (r = 0.27, p = 0.04), and small artery elasticity, r = -0.23, p = 0.02, but not with HbA1c, other lipids, oxidative stress or inflammation. In diabetes, geometric mean (95%CI) kallistatin levels adjusted for covariates, including renal dysfunction, were higher in those with vs. without hypertension (13.6 (12.3-14.9) vs. 11.8 (10.5-13.0) μg/ml, p = 0.03). Statistically independent determinants of kallistatin levels in diabetes were age, serum urea, total cholesterol, SAE and GGT, adjusted r 2= 0.24, p < 0.00001.

Conclusions

Serum kallistatin levels are increased in Type 1 diabetic patients with microvascular complications and with hypertension, and correlate with renal and vascular dysfunction.

Article Details

How to Cite
JENKINS, Alicia J et al. Increased serum kallistatin levels in type 1 diabetes patients with vascular complications. Vascular Cell, [S.l.], v. 2, n. 1, p. 19, sep. 2010. ISSN 2045-824X. Available at: <https://vascularcell.com/index.php/vc/article/view/10.1186-2040-2384-2-19>. Date accessed: 19 mar. 2024. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2040-2384-2-19.
Section
Original Research