| 摘要: |
| 黑潮入侵南海对南海的温盐平衡、环流、涡旋和局地气候等具有重要作用。基于吕宋海峡处黑潮不同流径的识别方法, 对1993~2021年的卫星高度计资料进行识别, 获取黑潮不同流径的发生时间, 探究黑潮入侵南海流径的时间变化规律。结果表明: (1) 黑潮主要以流套(Looping)和分支(Leaking)两种流径入侵南海, Leaking流径发生的时长(710周)和概率(46.9%)要远高于Looping流径(时长218周, 概率14.4%)。(2) Looping流径和Leaking流径均可将高温高盐的西北太平洋水带入南海, Looping流径下的平均吕宋海峡上层通量(6.3×106 m3/s)略大于Leaking流径(5.6×106 m3/s), Looping和Leaking流径在4×106 m3/s~6×106 m3/s区间发生时间最长。(3) 季节变化上, Looping流径主要发生在冬季, Leaking流径在冬半年均较强, 夏季二者发生概率均较低。(4) Looping流径和Leaking流径均具有显著的年际变化特征, Looping流径在1996年发生时间最长, 多达26周, 在2001年几乎没有发生; Leaking流径在2005年发生时间最长,多达40周, 在2013年发生时间最短。(5) Looping流径发生时长呈现0.15周/年上升的长期变化趋势, 而Leaking流径则呈现-0.17周/年下降的长期变化趋势, 对于整个黑潮入侵时长则呈现下降的变化趋势。(6) Looping流径在季节和年际变化上均受到局地风场的调控, 与台湾西南的风应力旋度有着很好的对应关系; 而Leaking流径与北赤道流位置在季节和年际尺度上均有着较好的对应关系。 |
| 关键词: 黑潮入侵 流径 吕宋海峡 季节变化 年际变化 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20221100314 |
| 分类号:P731 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划, 2022YFC3105003号; 国家自然科学基金, 42076004号, 42222601号, 42206015号; 中央高校基本科研业务费, 202041009号, 202013028号; “泰山”学者计划, tsqn202103032号。 |
附件 |
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| TEMPORAL VARIATION OF THE KUROSHIO INTRUSION PATH INTO THE SOUTH CHINA SEA BASED ON SATELLITE ALTIMETER DATA |
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LIU Yu-Min1, ZHANG Zhi-Wei1,2, ZHANG Xin-Cheng2, SUN Zhong-Bin2, SHANG Gong2, ZHAO Wei1,2
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1.Key Laboratory of Ocean Observation and Information of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China;2.Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, MOE, China/Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multipheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
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| Abstract: |
| The Kuroshio intrusion plays an important role in the thermohaline balance, circulation, mesoscale eddy, and local climate of the South China Sea. Based on the identification methods of different Kuroshio paths in the Luzon Strait and the altimeter data between 1993 and 2021, the occurrence time of different Kuroshio paths was identified and the temporal variation of the Kuroshio intrusion paths in the Luzon Strait was studied. Results show that (1) the Kuroshio mainly intrudes into the South China Sea in the paths of the Looping and Leaking. Leaking path occurs much longer (710 weeks) and more frequently (46.9%) than Looping paths (218 weeks, 14.4%); (2) both Looping and Leaking paths can carry warmer and saltier northwestern Pacific water into the South China Sea. In addition, the mean upper Luzon Strait flux in the Looping path is a little larger than that in the Leaking path. The Looping path and Leaking path both show longer occurrence time in the range 4×106~6×106 m3/s, respectively; (3) seasonally, the Looping path occurs mainly in winter and the Leaking path is strong in the whole winter half year, while both paths are weak in summer; (4) both Looping and Leaking paths have significant interannual variations. The Looping path occurred for the longest time in 1996 (up to 26 weeks), but almost disappeared in 2001; the Leaking path occurred for the longest time in 2005 (up to 40 weeks), but shortest in 2013; (5) the occurrence duration of the Looping path shows a long-term increasing trend of 0.15 weeks per year and the Leaking path shows a long-term decreasing trend of -0.17 weeks per year. The total occurrence time of Kuroshio intrusion presents a long-term decreasing trend; (6) The Looping path is modulated mainly by local wind and wind stress curl southwest of Taiwan Island at both seasonal and interannual scales, while the Leaking path is associated with the location of the North Equatorial Current Bifurcation. |
| Key words: Kuroshio intrusion paths Luzon Strait seasonal variation interannual variation |
