| 引用本文: | 刘颖,李进京,陈晨,刘懂,焦海峰,韩庆喜,王一农,尤仲杰.浙江象山港岛屿春、夏季潮间带大型底栖生物的群落结构特征.海洋与湖沼,2021,52(3):685-696. |
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| 浙江象山港岛屿春、夏季潮间带大型底栖生物的群落结构特征 |
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刘颖1, 李进京1, 陈晨1, 刘懂1,2, 焦海峰1,3, 韩庆喜1, 王一农1, 尤仲杰1
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1.宁波大学海洋学院 宁波 315211;2.中国科学院城市环境研究所 厦门 361021;3.浙江万里学院 宁波 315100
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| 摘要: |
| 基于2015年4月（春季）和6月（夏季）象山港主要岛屿潮间带大型底栖生物的生态调查数据，采用优势度、生物多样性指数、次级生产力、聚类、多维尺度排序及丰度/生物量比较曲线等方法，分析了主要岛屿潮间带大型底栖生物的群落特征和季节变化。结果表明：（1）春、夏季共鉴定出大型底栖生物52种，其中底栖动物与底栖藻类各有45和7种，春、夏季共有物种数为34种，短滨螺、中间拟滨螺、齿纹蜒螺、青蚶等11种为春、夏季共有优势种；（2）夏季平均丰度（2074.85 g/m2）高于春季（1505.01 g/m2），春季平均生物量和次级生产力（2373.75 ind./m2，16.31 g/（m2·a））高于夏季（2210.17 ind./m2，12.17 g/（m2·a））；（3）春季Shannon-Weiner多样性指数和Pielou’s evenness均匀度指数（2.742，1.679）高于夏季（2.580，1.623），夏季Margalef丰富度指数（0.716）高于春季（0.667）；（4）熊本牡蛎、黑荞麦蛤、日本菊花螺等是引起春、夏季港口区（外干门岛、野龙山岛、大列山岛和小列山岛）和港中区（缸山岛、双德山岛、悬山岛、白石山岛和中央山岛）岛屿潮间带底栖生物群落结构差异的主要贡献种；春、夏季大型底栖生物群落结构受到人类活动和自然环境变化所引起的中度扰动，且港口区岛屿所受的扰动程度高于港中区。本研究可为象山港潮间带生物资源的保护和可持续利用以及港中区白石山人工渔礁区海洋牧场建设提供重要参考依据。 |
| 关键词: 象山港 潮间带 大型底栖生物 群落结构特征 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20201000283 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目，31671097号，41676139号，42076156号；公益性行业（农业）科研专项，201303047号。 |
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| CHARACTERISTICS OF THE INTERTIDL MACROBENTHIC COMMUNITY STRUCTURE FROM NINE ISLANDS IN XIANGSHAN BAY, ZHEJIANG PROVINCE, IN SPRING AND SUMMER |
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LIU Ying1, LI Jin-Jing1, CHEN Chen1, LIU Dong1,2, JIAO Hai-Feng1,3, HAN Qing-Xi1, WANG Yi-Nong1, YOU Zhong-Jie1
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1.School of Maurine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;2.The Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Science, Xiamen 361021, China;3.Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China
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| Abstract: |
| Based on the ecological survey data of macrobenthic in the intertidal zone of main islands of the Xiangshan Bay, Zhejiang, China in April (spring) and June (summer) of 2015. To understand the ecological characteristics and seasonal variation of the macrobenthic community, several indices and analytical methods were adopted, including dominance index, biodiversity index, secondary productivity, clustering, and non-metric multi-dimensional scaling and abundance/biomass comparison curve analysis. The results show that there were 52 macrobenthic species identified, among which 45 species were macrobenthos and 7 were macroalgae. Thirty-four species were common in spring and summer, of which 11 including Littorina brevicula, Littorina scabra, Nerita yoldi, and Barbatia virescens etc. were common dominant species in the two seasons. The average abundance in summer (2373.75 g/m2) was higher than that in spring (2210.17 g/m2), and the average biomass and secondary productivity (2074.85 ind./m2, 16.31 g/(m2·a)) in spring were higher than those in summer (1505.01 ind./m2, 12.17 g/(m2·a)). The Shannon-Weiner diversity index and Pielou's evenness index (2.742, 1.679) in spring were higher than summer (2.580, 1.623), and Margalef richness index (0.716) in summer was higher than spring (0.667). Crassostrea sikamea, Xenostrobus atratus, Siphonaria japonica, etc. were the main contributors to the differences in benthic community structure in the intertidal zone between the port area (the islands of Waiganmen, Yelongshan, Dalieshan, and Xiaolieshan) and the central area of the bay (the islands of Gangshan, Shuangdeshan, Xuanshan, Baishishan, and Zhongyangshan) in spring and summer. The large benthic communities in the intertidal zone of Xiangshan Bay in spring and summer were moderately disturbed by human or natural activities, and the degree of disturbance on islands in the port area was higher than that in the center area of the bay. The results of the research provide an important reference for the sustainable use of biological resources in the intertidal zone of Xiangshan Bay and the construction of marine pastures in the artificial fishing reef area of Baishishan Islands in the central area of the bay. |
| Key words: Xiangshan Bay intertidal zone macrobenthos characteristics of the community structure |
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