Abstract: In order to provide a scientific basis for fast growing of Camellia oleifera, effects of water, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and brassinolides ( BRs) and their coupling on the leaf NPK contents, flowering and seed kernel oil rate of Camellia (Camellia oleifera Abel) were studied by the five factors and five levels, two orthogonal rotation experimental design and 1/2 implementation. There were 36 treatments. The results show that in the five test factors, BRs is more sensitive to leaf NPK contents, flowering and seed kernel oil rate of Camellia oleifera, followed by the amount of water. BRs and water are the key factors for Camellia oleifera growth, and fertilizer (NPK) relatively little sensitivity to different growth indexes. The leaf N content and flower amount are good fitting into quadratic polynomial equations, and the reproducibility is good. The leaf potassium and phosphorus contents and seed kernel oil yield of Camellia oleifera by using quadratic polynomial equations are poor, and the experiment still has some reference value for good reproducibility. The trends of leaf nitrogen and potassium contents of Camellia oleifera are first decreased and then increased. The trend of leaf phosphorus content is first increased and then decreased with the use one of water, N, P, K and BRs. There is no apparent regularity in the seed kernel oil rate and the flowering.