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The Pattern Electroretinogram as a Tool to Monitor Progressive Retinal Ganglion Cell Dysfunction in the DBA/2J Mouse Model of Glaucoma

From the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.

PURPOSE. To determine the baseline characteristics, reliability, and dynamic range of the pattern electroretinogram (PERG) as a tool to monitor progressive RGC dysfunction in the DBA/2J mouse model of glaucoma with spontaneously elevated intraocular pressure (IOP).

METHODS. PERGs were recorded from 56 undilated eyes of 28 anesthetized (ketamine-xylazine-acepromazine) DBA/2J mice of different ages (2–4 months, n = 44 eyes; 12–14 months, n = 12 eyes) in response to contrast reversal of gratings that maximize PERG amplitude (95% contrast, 1-Hz reversal, 0.05 cyc/deg spatial frequency, 50° x 56° field size). Robust averaging (1800 sweeps) was used to isolate PERG from background noise. Cone-driven ERGs in response to diffuse light flashes superimposed on a rod-adapting background (FERG) were also recorded.

RESULTS. PERGs had consistent waveforms and were reproducible across batches of mice and operators. In 2- to 4-month-old mice (prehypertensive stage), the PERG amplitude (mean, 8.15 ± 0.4 µV [SEM]) was considerably larger than the noise (mean 1.18 ± 0.1 µV). The test–retest variability (two different sessions 1 week apart) and interocular asymmetry of PERG amplitude was approximately 30%, and that of PERG latency was approximately 17%. In 12- to 14-month-old mice (advanced hypertensive stage) the PERG amplitude (mean, 1.29 ± 0.12 µV) was close to that of noise. In 12- to 14-month-old mice the FERG was reduced to a lesser extent compared with the PERG.

CONCLUSIONS. The PERG has an adequate signal-to-noise ratio, reproducibility, and dynamic range to monitor the progression of functional changes in the inner retina in DBA/2J mice.

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