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(Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science. 2007;48:88-95.)
© 2007 by The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc.
DOI:  10.1167/iovs.06-0284
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Prevalence of Lens Opacities in North India: The INDEYE Feasibility Study

Gudlavalleti V. S. Murthy,1 Sanjeev K. Gupta,1 Giovanni Maraini,2 Monica Camparini,2 Gill M. Price,3 Mukesh Dherani,3 Neena John,1 Usha Chakravarthy,4 and Astrid E. Fletcher3

1From the Department of Community Ophthalmology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; the 2Dipartimento di Scienze Otorino-Odonto-Oftalmologiche e Cervico Facciali, Sezione di Oftalmologia, Università degli Studi di Parma, Italy; the 3Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom; and the 4Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, The Queen’s University of Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.

PURPOSE. To obtain estimates of the prevalence of lens opacities in an Indian setting by using photographically acquired lens images.

METHODS. In 11 randomly sampled villages from a rural district of Haryana, North India, 1443 people (median age 60 years), 52% women, were identified from enumeration of the ≥50-year age group; 87% attended an eye examination. Digital images of cortical and posterior subcapsular opacities and photographs of nuclear opacities were graded using the Lens Opacity Classification System (LOCS) II. The prevalence of opacities was based on a grade of 2 or higher in the worse eye for nuclear, cortical, or posterior subcapsular opacities.

RESULTS. Of the participants, 1071 people had gradable images; a further 163 had undergone surgery or had dense opacities. Nuclear opacities were the most common type, with an overall prevalence of 56.9% (95% CI, 53.0–60.6). Posterior subcapsular opacities occurred in 20.6% (95% CI, 17.9–25.8) and cortical opacities in 21.6% (95% CI, 17.9–25.8). Prevalence rose steeply with age for all opacities and was higher in the women than in the men for cortical opacities (P = 0.03). The prevalence of any type of lens opacity including surgical cases and dense opacities was 75.3% (95% CI, 71.4–78.81).

CONCLUSIONS. These results highlight the substantial excess of lens opacities in India compared with Western populations.




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M. Dherani, G. V. S. Murthy, S. K. Gupta, I. S. Young, G. Maraini, M. Camparini, G. M. Price, N. John, U. Chakravarthy, and A. E. Fletcher
Blood Levels of Vitamin C, Carotenoids and Retinol Are Inversely Associated with Cataract in a North Indian Population
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., August 1, 2008; 49(8): 3328 - 3335.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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