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Large-Scale Hydrothermal Synthesis of Hierarchical Mesoporous Carbon for High-Performance Supercapacitors

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Hierarchical mesoporous carbons (HMCs) were successfully synthesized by hydrothermal strategy. Highly ordered two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal mesoporous carbon can be obtained using a formaldehyde-to-resorcinol (F/R) molar ratio of 1 and a hydrothermal process time ≥2 days, whereas an F/R molar ratio of 2 leads to a highly disordered mesostructure. Highly ordered MC-4d-1 (F/R = 1) and disordered MC-4d-2 (F/R = 2) mesoporous carbons were utilized as supercapacitor electrode materials and the effect of structural mesopore ordering on the rate performance of supercapacitors was demonstrated. MC-4d-1 (F/R = 1) showed an excellent rate capability of ∼80% of retention at a very high current density of 50 A g–1, whereas MC-4d-2 (F/R = 2) exhibited only ∼60% of retention at the same current density. The enhanced rate capability of HMC at very high current densities is attributed to the straight channels of long-range highly ordered 2D hexagonal mesopores, which provides favorable conditions for fast ion transport and good cycling ability even after 10000 cycles, demonstrating great potential of the HMCs as an efficient electrode material for high-rate ECs.

Keywords: HIERARCHICAL MESOPOROUS CARBONS; HYDROTHERMAL; NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS; POWER APPLICATIONS; SUPERCAPACITORS

Document Type: Research Article

Publication date: 01 September 2015

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  • ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT FOCUS is a multidisciplinary peer-reviewed international research journal consolidating research activities in all experimental and theoretical aspects of energy and environment with an interdisciplinary approach. The research topics include the preparation and characterization of advanced functional materials and their utilization in various energy and environmental applications, to name a few; fuel cells, batteries, solar cells, light emitting diodes, solar cells, optoelectronic devices, thermoelectric, clean energy, bio-fuels and bio-refineries, supercapacitors, hydrogen energy (storage and generation), geothermal energy, nanogenerators, self-powered devices and systems, catalysis, biomass and bioenergy, static and dynamic energy conversion; energy efficiency and management, nuclear energy, fossil fuels, geothermal, wind energy, electrolysis, and photothermal devices, environmental science and technology (environmental chemistry, physics biology and engineering) including climate change, greenhouse gases and global warming, ecology, environmental toxicology, industrial wastewater and sewage treatment, geosciences, atmospheric, terrestrial and aquatic environments, pollution and environmental control, hazardous substances, radioactive contamination, noise pollution, effects of air, water, and soil contaminations on human health, environmental public health policies, soil environmental management and technologies, environmental policies, rules and regulations, conservation of natural resources, and all aspects of theoretical modeling related with energy and environment.
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