Original Paper

A Modified Version of Tinnitus Retraining Therapy: Observing Long-Term Outcome and Predictors
Birgit Mazurek^a, Franziska Fischer^b, Heidemarie Haupt^a, Petra Georgiewa^b, Anette Reisshauer^c, Burghard F. Klapp<sup>b

a</sup>Tinnitus Centre, Department of Otorhinolaryngology,
^bDivision of Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Department of Internal Medicine, and
^cDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany

Audiol Neurotol 2006;11:276-286 (DOI: 10.1159/000093526)

  Key Words

• Tinnitus
• Tinnitus retraining therapy
• Tinnitus-related distress
• Psychotherapy

  Abstract

Tinnitusretraining therapy (TRT) in Germany includes not only directive counseling and sound therapy but also stress management and facultative psychotherapeutic treatment. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of this modified version of TRT on certain tinnitus-related aspects of distress and variables that may predict treatment outcome. Clinical data from 92 patients undergoing outpatient TRT in the Charité Tinnitus Centre were evaluated retrospectively over 1 year. Treatment outcome was defined by changes in specific areas of tinnitus-related distress and assessed by the Tinnitus Questionnaire. Changes in audiometric frequency and loudness of tinnitus were examined by regular audiometric testing. The overall Tinnitus Questionnaire score was significantly reduced after 1 year. Severely affected tinnitus sufferers (decompensated tinnitus) profited more than less affected patients (compensated tinnitus). In cases of indicated psychotherapy, improvement was significant for the patients who took advantage of psychotherapeutic treatment during TRT but was not significant for those who interrupted or dismissed an indicated psychotherapy. Changes in tinnitus-specific areas of distress were most pronounced in the scales for emotional and cognitive distress and intrusiveness. Significant changes in sleep disturbances, auditory perceptual difficulties and somatic complaints were observed in patients with decompensated tinnitus. In patients with chronic tinnitus, modified TRT may lead to significant subjective improvement in certain tinnitus-related symptoms like emotional and cognitive distress and intrusiveness. Particularly patients suffering from severe tinnitus distress take advantage of therapy. Careful psychotherapeutic diagnostics and therapies and, if necessary, motivation to make use of psychotherapy seem to be essential preconditions for therapeutic success in patients with severe psychosomatic comorbidity.

Copyright © 2006 S. Karger AG, Basel