EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing 
Volume 2004 (2004), Issue 12, Pages 1841-1848
doi:10.1155/S1110865704401164

Filtered-X Affine Projection Algorithms for Active Noise Control Using Volterra Filters

Alberto Carini1 and Giovanni L. Sicuranza2

 1Institute of Science and Information Technologies, University of Urbino, Urbino 61029, Italy
2Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
Received 1 September 2003; Revised 22 December 2003

Abstract

We consider the use of adaptive Volterra filters, implemented in the form of multichannel filter banks, as nonlinear active noise controllers. In particular, we discuss the derivation of filtered-X affine projection algorithms for homogeneous quadratic filters. According to the multichannel approach, it is then easy to pass from these algorithms to those of a generic Volterra filter. It is shown in the paper that the AP technique offers better convergence and tracking capabilities than the classical LMS and NLMS algorithms usually applied in nonlinear active noise controllers, with a limited complexity increase. This paper extends in two ways the content of a previous contribution published in Proc. IEEE-EURASIP Workshop on Nonlinear Signal and Image Processing (NSIP '03), Grado, Italy, June 2003. First of all, a general adaptation algorithm valid for any order L of affine projections is presented. Secondly, a more complete set of experiments is reported. In particular, the effects of using multichannel filter banks with a reduced number of channels are investigated and relevant results are shown.