EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing 
Volume 2004 (2004), Issue 8, Pages 1059-1077
doi:10.1155/S1110865704311133

Estimation of Road Vehicle Speed Using Two Omnidirectional Microphones: A Maximum Likelihood Approach

Roberto López-Valcarce, Carlos Mosquera, and Fernando Pérez-González

Departamento de Teoría de la Señal y las Comunicaciones, Universidad de Vigo, Vigo 36200, Spain

Received 4 July 2003; Revised 25 September 2003

Recommended by Jacob Benesty

Abstract

We address the problem of estimating the speed of a road vehicle from its acoustic signature, recorded by a pair of omnidirectional microphones located next to the road. This choice of sensors is motivated by their nonintrusive nature as well as low installation and maintenance costs. A novel estimation technique is proposed, which is based on the maximum likelihood principle. It directly estimates car speed without any assumptions on the acoustic signal emitted by the vehicle. This has the advantages of bypassing troublesome intermediate delay estimation steps as well as eliminating the need for an accurate yet general enough acoustic traffic model. An analysis of the estimate for narrowband and broadband sources is provided and verified with computer simulations. The estimation algorithm uses a bank of modified crosscorrelators and therefore it is well suited to DSP implementation, performing well with preliminary field data.