EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing 
Volume 2008 (2008), Article ID 473182, 15 pages
doi:10.1155/2008/473182
Research Article

Prototype Implementation of Two Efficient Low-Complexity Digital Predistortion Algorithms

Ernst Aschbacher,1,2 Mei Yen Cheong,3 Peter Brunmayr,2 Markus Rupp,2 and Timo I. Laakso3,4

1MED-EL Medical Electronics, Research and Developement, Fürstenweg 77a, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
2Institute of Communications and Radio-Frequency Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna 1040, Austria
3Signal Processing Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo 02150, Finland
4National Board of Patents and Registration of Finland, Helsinki 00101, Finland

Received 1 February 2007; Revised 10 August 2007; Accepted 16 September 2007

Recommended by S. Gannot

Abstract

Predistortion (PD) lineariser for microwave power amplifiers (PAs) is an important topic of research. With larger and larger bandwidth as it appears today in modern WiMax standards as well as in multichannel base stations for 3GPP standards, the relatively simple nonlinear effect of a PA becomes a complex memory-including function, severely distorting the output signal. In this contribution, two digital PD algorithms are investigated for the linearisation of microwave PAs in mobile communications. The first one is an efficient and low-complexity algorithm based on a memoryless model, called the simplicial canonical piecewise linear (SCPWL) function that describes the static nonlinear characteristic of the PA. The second algorithm is more general, approximating the pre-inverse filter of a nonlinear PA iteratively using a Volterra model. The first simpler algorithm is suitable for compensation of amplitude compression and amplitude-to-phase conversion, for example, in mobile units with relatively small bandwidths. The second algorithm can be used to linearise PAs operating with larger bandwidths, thus exhibiting memory effects, for example, in multichannel base stations. A measurement testbed which includes a transmitter-receiver chain with a microwave PA is built for testing and prototyping of the proposed PD algorithms. In the testing phase, the PD algorithms are implemented using MATLAB (floating-point representation) and tested in record-and-playback mode. The iterative PD algorithm is then implemented on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) using fixed-point representation. The FPGA implementation allows the pre-inverse filter to be tested in a real-time mode. Measurement results show excellent linearisation capabilities of both the proposed algorithms in terms of adjacent channel power suppression. It is also shown that the fixed-point FPGA implementation of the iterative algorithm performs as well as the floating-point implementation.