ABSTRACT
A new approach is presented for the construction of behavioral models for harmonic oscillators and sets of coupled harmonic oscillators. The models can be used for system-level simulations and trade-off analysis. Besides the steady state behavior, the model also takes the transient behavior of the oscillation amplitudes and phase differences into account. This behavior is modeled using a set of linear differential equations. Their extraction from a netlist description is based upon the ideas of perturbation analysis and stochastic averaging. The modeling equations are valid in the neighbourhood of the oscillator's steady-state operating point and can be evaluated at very low computational cost. Another major advantage of the approach is that it explicitely separates the fast-varying steady-state behavior and the slow varying transient behavior. This allows for straightforward application of multi-rate simulation techniques, greatly boosting simulation speeds. The technique is illustrated for a quadrature oscillator.
- N.N. Bogoliubov and Y.A. Mitropolsky,phAsymptotic methods in the theory of non-linear oscillations, Hindustan Pulishing Corp., Delhi, 1961Google Scholar
- J. Crols and M. Steyaert,phCMOS Wireless Transceiver, Kluwer Academic Publishers, June 1997 Google ScholarDigital Library
- A. Demir et al., "Behavioral Simulation Techniques for Phase/Delay-Locked Systems", InphProc. IEEE CICC, pp. 21.3.1--4, 1994Google Scholar
- A. Demir, A. Mehrotra and J. Roychowdhury, "Phase Noise in Oscillators: A Unifying Theory and Numerical Methods for Characterization", InphIEEE Trans. Circ. and Syst.-I, vol. 47, no. 5, pp. 655--674, May 2000Google ScholarCross Ref
- M.I. Freidlin and A.D. Wentzell,phRandom perturbations of dynamical systems, 2nd ed., Springer, 1998Google Scholar
- A. Hadjimiri and T.H. Lee, "A General Theory of Phase Noise in Electrical Oscillators", InphIEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 179--194, February 1998Google ScholarCross Ref
- F.X. Kaertner, "Analysis of White and f-α Noise in Oscillators", InphInt. J. Circuit Theory Appl., vol. 18, pp 485--519, 1990Google ScholarCross Ref
- J. Kevorkian and J.D. Cole,phPerturbation Methods in Applied Mathematics, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1981Google ScholarCross Ref
- N. Kryloff and N. Bogoliubov,phIntroduction to non-linear mechanics, Princeton University Press, New York, 1947Google Scholar
- M.F. Mar, "An Event-Driven PLL Behavioral Model with Applications to Design Driven Noise Modeling", InphProc. BMAS, Session 1.1, 1999Google Scholar
- O. Narayan and J. Roychowdhury, "Multi-Time Simulation of Voltage Controlled Oscillators", InphProc. IEEE DAC, Session 36, 1999 Google ScholarDigital Library
- M. Steyaert et al., "A 2-V CMOS Cellular Transceiver Front-End", In phIEEE Journ. Solid-State Circ., vol. 35, no. 12, pp. 1895--1907, December 2000Google ScholarCross Ref
- F. Verhulst,phNonlinear Differential Equations and Dynamical Systems, 2nd ed., Springer 1996 Google ScholarDigital Library
Index Terms
- Behavioral modeling of (coupled) harmonic oscillators
Recommendations
Behavioral modeling of (coupled) harmonic oscillators
This paper presents a method for constructing behavioral models for harmonic oscillators and sets of coupled harmonic oscillators. These models are useful for system-level simulations and tradeoff analysis. The modeling method allows capturing the ...
Behavioral modeling of Opamp gain and dynamic effectsfor power optimization of Delta-Sigma modulators and pipelined ADCs
ISLPED '06: Proceedings of the 2006 international symposium on Low power electronics and designThis paper proposes a simple, yet accurate, analytical model forthe effect of opamp gain and dynamics (slew rate and bandwidth)on the transfer function of switched-capacitor (SC) amplifiers andintegrators. Furthermore, it demonstrates the detrimental ...
Simulink Behavioral Modeling of a 10- bit Pipelined ADC
The increasing architecture complexity of data converters makes it necessary to use behavioral models to simulate their electrical performance and to determine their relevant data features. For this purpose, a specific data converter simulation ...
Comments