skip to main content
10.1145/3025453.3025928acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PageschiConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

Has Instagram Fundamentally Altered the 'Family Snapshot'?

Authors Info & Claims
Published:02 May 2017Publication History

ABSTRACT

This paper considers how parents use the social media platform Instagram to facilitate the capture, curation and sharing of 'family snapshots'. Our work draws upon established cross-disciplinary literature relating to film photography and the composition of family albums in order to establish whether social media has changed the way parents visually present their families. We conducted a qualitative visual analysis of a sample of 4,000 photographs collected from Instagram using hashtags relating to children and parenting. We show that the style and composition of snapshots featuring children remains fundamentally unchanged and continues to be dominated by rather bland and idealised images of the happy family and the cute child. In addition, we find that the frequent taking and sharing of photographs via Instagram has inevitably resulted in a more mundane visual catalogue of daily life. We note a tension in the desire to use social media as a means to evidence good parenting, while trying to effectively manage the social identity of the child and finally, we note the reluctance of parents to use their own snapshots to portray family tension or disharmony, but their willingness to use externally generated content for this purpose.

References

  1. Tawfiq Ammari, Priya Kumar, Cliff Lampe, and Sarita Schoenebeck. 2015. Managing Children's Online Identities: How Parents Decide what to Disclose about their Children Online. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '15), 1895--1904. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  2. Michael Bamberg and Alexandra Georgakopoulou. 2008. Small Stories as a New Perspective in Narrative and Identity Analysis. Text and Talk - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Language, Discourse Communication Studies. 28,3 (2008), 377--396.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  3. Rosaline S. Barbour. 2001. Checklists for Improving Rigour in Qualitative Research: A Case of the Tail Wagging the Dog?. British Medical Journal. 322, 7294.1115--1117.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  4. Jenn Supple Bartels. 2015. Parents' Growing Pains on Social Media: Modeling Authenticity. Character and... Social Media 1: 32.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  5. Mitchell K. Bartholomew, Sarah J. Schoppe-Sullivan, Michael Glassman, Claire M. Kamp Dush and Jason M. Sullivan. 2012. New parents' Facebook use at the Transition to Parenthood. Family Relations 61, 3: 455--469.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  6. Geoffrey Batchen. 2008. Snapshots. Photographies 1, 2: 121--142.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  7. Lynn Berger. 2011. Snapshots, or: Visual Culture's Clichés. Photographies 4, 2: 175--190.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  8. Chelsea Bevins. 2014. Get Schooled: A Visual Social Semiotic Analysis of Target's Branding using Instagram. Masters Disertation. Liberty University.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  9. Japp Boerdam and Warna Oosterbaan Martinius. 1980. Family Photographs - A Sociological Approach. Netherlands Journal of Social Sciences 6, 2: 95--119.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  10. Pierre Bourdieu, Luc Boltanski, Robert Castel, JeanClaude Chamboredun, and Dominique Schnapper. 1990. Photography: A Middlebrow Art, trans. Whiteside, S. Polity Press.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  11. Richard Chalfen. 1987. Snapshot Versions of Life. Bowling Green State University Popular Press.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  12. Richard Chalfen. 2002. Snapshots "r" Us: The Evidentiary Problematic of Home Media, Visual Studies 17, 2: 141--149.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  13. Paul Cobley and Nick Haeffner. 2009. Digital Cameras and Domestic Photography: Communication, Agency and Structure. Visual Communication 8, 2: 123--146.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  14. Brian Coe, and Paul Gates. 1977. The Snapshot Photograph: The Rise of Popular Photography, 1888--1939. Ash & Grant.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  15. Edgar Gómez Cruz & Eric T. Meyer. 2012. Creation and Control in the Photographic Process: iPhones and the Emerging Fifth Moment of Photography, Photographies 5, 2: 203--221.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  16. Munmun De Choudhury, Scott Counts, and Eric Horvitz. 2013. Predicting Postpartum Changes in Emotion and Behavior via Social Media. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. (CHI'13), 3267--3276. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  17. Jennifer L. Dotty, and Jodi Dworkin. 2014. Online Social Support for Parents: A Critical Review. Marriage & Family Review, 50(2), 174--198.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  18. Casey Dugan and Sven Laumer. 2015. Social Image Research in the Age of Selfies. In Human-Computer Interaction - INTERACT. 671--672.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  19. Abigail Durrant., David Frohlich, Abigail Sellen and Evanthia Lyons. 2009. Home Curation versus Teenage Photography: Photo Displays in the Family Home'. International Journal of Human Computer Studies 67: 1005--1023. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  20. L. R Ennis. 2014. Intensive mothering: The Cultural Contradictions of Modern Motherhood. Ontario: Demeter Press.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  21. Jasmine Fardouly, and Lenny R. Vartanian. 2015. Negative Comparisons about one's Appearance Mediate the Relationship between Facebook Usage and Body Image Concerns. Body Image 12 (2015): 82--88.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  22. Shelly D. Farnham and Elizabeth Churchill. 2011. Faceted Identity, Faceted Lives: Social and Technical Issues with Being Yourself Online. In Proc. CSCW 2011, (2011), 359--368. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  23. Brian A. Feinstein et al. 2013. Negative Social Comparison on Facebook and Depressive Symptoms: Rumination as a Mechanism. Psychology of Popular Media Culture 2.3 (2013): 161.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  24. Colin Ford and Karl Steinorth. 1988. You Press the Button We do the Rest: The Birth of Snapshot Photography. Dirk Nishen Publishing Limited.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  25. William Fullard and Anne M. Reiling. 1976. An Investigation of Lorenz's "Babyness" Child Development 47, 4: 1191--1193.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  26. Richenda Gambles. 2010. Going Public? Articulations of the Personal and Political on Mumsnet.Com. Rethinking the Public: Innovations in Research, Theory and Politics (2010), 29--42.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  27. Lorna Gibson and Vicki L. Hanson. 2013. Digital Motherhood: How does Technology Help New Mothers? In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. ACM 313--322. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  28. Erving Goffman. 1978. The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. Harmondsworth.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  29. Lisa Gye. 2007. Picture This: The Impact of Mobile Camera Phones on Personal Photographic Practices. Continuum: Journal of Media & Cultural Studies 21, 2: 279--288.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  30. David Halle. 1991. Bringing Materialism Back In: Art in the Houses of the Working and Middle Classes. Bringing Class Back In: Contemporary and Historical Perspectives. 241--259.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  31. Sallie Han. 2008. Imagining the Fetus. In Imagining the Fetus: The Unborn in Myth, Religion and Culture. Oxford. Jane Marie Law and Vanessa R Sasson (eds) Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK pp. 265--289.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  32. Sharon Hays. 1998. The Cultural Contradictions of Motherhood. US: Yale University Press.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  33. Julia Hirsch. 1981. Family Photographs: Content, Meaning, and Effect. Oxford University Press.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  34. Marianne Hirsch. 1997. Picture Frames: Photography, Narrative and Postmemory. Harvard University Press.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  35. Bernie Hogan. 2010. The Presentation of Self in the Age of New Media. Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society 30(6) 377--386.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  36. Yuheng Hu, Lydia Manikonda, and Subbarao Kambhampati. 2014. What We Instagram: A First Analysis of Instagram Photo Content and User Types. ICWSM 2014, 595--598.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  37. Instagram. 2015. Instagram Developer Documentation. Retrieved September 25, 2015 from https://instagram.com/developer/.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  38. Instagram. 2016. Instagram - Press Page. 2016. Retrieved September 18, 2016 from https://instagram.com/press/.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  39. Adam Joinson. 2008. 'Looking At', 'Looking Up' or 'Keeping Up With' People?: Motives and Use of Facebook. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 1027--1036. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  40. Nicole C. Krämer, and Stephan Winter. 2008. Impression Management 2.0. The Relationship of Self-Esteem, Extraversion, Self-Efficacy, and Self-Presentation within Social Networking Sites. Journal of Media Psychology 20, (2008), 106--116.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  41. Blair Koenig, 2016. STFU, Parents. Retrieved January 1, 2017 from http://www.stfuparentsblog.com/.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  42. Annette Kuhn. 1995. Family Secrets: Acts of Memory and Imagination. Verso.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  43. Priya Kumar and Sarita Schoenebeck. 2015. The Modern Day Baby Book: Enacting Good Mothering and Stewarding Privacy on Facebook. In Proceedings of ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing (CSCW '15), 1302--1312. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  44. Martha Langford. 2008. Suspended Conversations: The Afterlife of Memory in Photographic Albums. McGill-Queen's University Press.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  45. Tama Leaver. 2014. Captured at Birth. Retrieved September 25, 2015 from http://www.slideshare.net/Tama/captured-at-birth-presence-privacy-and-intimate-surveillance.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  46. Tama Leaver. 2015. Born Digital? Presence, Privacy, and Intimate Surveillance. Re-Orientation: Translingual Transcultural Transmedia: Studies in Narrative, Language, Identity, and Knowledge (2015), 149--160.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  47. Sang Yup Lee. 2014. How Do People Compare Themselves with Others on Social Network Sites?: The Case of Facebook. Computers in Human Behavior 32 (2014): 253--260.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  48. Deborah Lupton. 2013. The Social World of the Unborn. Palgrave Macmillan.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  49. Sally Mann. 2015. About. Retrieved September 25, 2015 from http://sallymann.com/selected-works/ family-pictures.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  50. Francis T. McAndrew, and Hye Sun Jeong. (2012). Who Does What on Facebook? Age, Sex, and Relationship Status as Predictors of Facebook Use. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(6), 2359--2365. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  51. Tehila Minkus, Kelvin Liu, and Keith W. Ross. Children Seen but Not Heard: When Parents Compromise Children's Online Privacy. 2015. In Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on World Wide Web (WWW '15), 776--786. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  52. Meredith Ringel Morris. 2014. Social Networking Site Use by Mothers of Young Children. In Proceedings of ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing (CSCW '14), 1272--1282. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  53. Susan Murray. 2008. Digital Images, Photo-Sharing, and Our Shifting Notions of Everyday Aesthetics. Journal of Visual Culture 7, 2: 147--163.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  54. Christopher Musello.1979. Family Photography. In Images of Information: Still Photography in the Social Sciences (ed) Jon Wagner. Sage, London, UK pp. 101--118.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  55. New York Times. 2011. Cartoon. Retrieved September 25, 2015 from https://s-media-cacheak0.pinimg.com/originals/c7/85/81/c785812ff51d0ecbbad86a3c99d02c43.jpg.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  56. New York Times, 2012. Making Facebook Less Infantile. Retrieved January 1, 2017 from http://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/09/fashion/unbabyme-keeps-baby-pictures-off-facebook.html.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  57. Virginia Nightingale. 2007. The Cameraphone and Online Image Sharing. Continuum: Journal of Media & Cultural Studies 21:2, 289--301.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  58. Daisuke Okabe and Mizuko Ito. 2003. Camera Phones Changing Definition of Picture-Worthy. In Japan Media Review. Retrieved September 25, 2015 from http://www.douri.sh/classes/ics234cw04 /ito3.pdf.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  59. Luc Pauwels. 2008. A Private Visual Practice Going Public? Social Functions and Sociological Research Opportunities of Web?Based Family Photography. Visual Studies, 23:1, 34--49.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  60. Nichola Phillips, and Anne Broderick. Has Mumsnet Changed Me? SNS Influence on Identity Adaptation and Consumption. Journal of Marketing Management 30. 9-10 (2014): 1039--1057.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  61. Robert Pols. 2002. Family Photographs, 1860--1945. National Archives.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  62. Caitlian M. Rivers and Bryan L. Lewis. 2014. Ethical Research Standards in a World of Big Data. F1000Research, 3.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  63. Karen Rodham and Jeff Gavin. 2006. The Ethics of Using the Internet to Collect Qualitative Research Data. Research Ethics Review. 2,3: 92--97.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  64. Gillian Rose. 2012. Doing Family Photography: The Domestic, the Public and the Politics of Sentiment. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  65. Gillian Rose. 2016. Visual Methodologies: An Introduction to Researching with Visual Materials. Sage. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  66. Risto Sarvas and David M Frolich. 2011. From Snapshots to Social Media - The Changing Picture of Domestic Photography. Springer. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  67. Kirstie Saumure and Lisa M. Given. 2008. Data Saturation. The Sage Encyclopaedia of Qualitative Methods, 1. 195--196.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  68. Sarita Yardi Schoenebeck. 2013. The Secret Life of Online Moms: Anonymity and Disinhibition on YouBeMom.com. In Proc. ICWSM 2013, AAAI (2013).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  69. Don Slater. 1995. Domestic Photography and Digital Culture. In The Photographic Image in Digital Culture. M Lister (ed.) Routledge, London, UK pp. 129--146.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  70. P. Sorokowski, A. Sorokowska, A. Oleszkiewicz, T. Frackowiak, A. Huk, and K. Pisanski. 2015. Selfie Posting Behaviors are Associated with Narcissism Among Men. Personality and Individual Differences, 85, 123--127.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  71. Flávio Souza, Diego de Las Casas, Vinícius Flores, SunBum Youn, Meeyoung Cha, Daniele Quercia, and Virgílio Almeida. 2015. Dawn of the Selfie Era: The Whos, Wheres, and Hows of Selfies on Instagram. In Proceedings of the 2015 ACM on Conference on Online Social Networks, 221--231. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  72. Jo Spence and Patricia Holland. 1991. Family Snaps: The Meanings of Domestic Photography. Virago.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  73. Angelica Svelander and Mikael Wiberg. 2015. The Practice of Selfies. Interactions. 22, 4. 34--38. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  74. Statista, 2016. Leading Countries Based on Number of Monthly Active Instagram Users as of 1st Quarter 2016 (In Millions) Retrieved January 1 2017 from https://www.statista.com/statistics/578364/countries-with-most-instagram-users/.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  75. Techcrunch, 2012. Unbaby.me? Yes, Please. Retrieved January 1, 2017 from https://techcrunch.com/2012/08/04/unbaby-me-yes-please/.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  76. Lisa Thomas and Pam Briggs. 2016. Reminiscence Through the Lens of Social Media. Frontiers in Psychology 7, 870.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  77. Katrin Tiidenberg. 2015. Odes to Heteronormativity - Presentations of Femininity in Russian-Speaking Pregnant Women's Instagram Accounts. International Journal of Communication, 9, 13.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  78. Sandra L Titus. 1976. Family Photographs and the Transition to Parenthood. Journal of Marriage and the Family 38: 525--530.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  79. Farida Vis, Simon Faulkner, Katy Parry, Yana Manyukhina and Lisa Evans. Twitpic-ing the Riots: Analysing Images Shared on Twitter during the 2011 UK Riots. In Twitter and Society, K. Weller, A. Bruns, J. Burgess, M. Mahrt and C. Puschmann (eds). New York, Peter Lang.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  80. Li Wang, Pertti Alasuutari, and Jari Aro. 2014. Aesthetic and Family Frames in the Online Sharing of Children's Birthday Photos. Visual Communication 13, 2: 191--209.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  81. Sarita Yardi, and Amy Bruckman. 2011. Social and Technical Challenges in Parenting Teens' Social Media Use. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. ACM, 2011. 3237--3246. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  82. Michele Zappavigna. 2016. Social Media Photography: Construing Subjectivity in Instagram Images. Visual Communication, 2016, 1--22.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  83. Xuan Zhao, and Sian E. Lindley. 2014. Curation through Use: Understanding the Personal Value of Social Media. In Proceedings of the 32nd annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems ACM, 2431--2440. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library

Index Terms

  1. Has Instagram Fundamentally Altered the 'Family Snapshot'?

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Login options

    Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

    Sign in
    • Published in

      cover image ACM Conferences
      CHI '17: Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
      May 2017
      7138 pages
      ISBN:9781450346559
      DOI:10.1145/3025453

      Copyright © 2017 ACM

      Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

      Publisher

      Association for Computing Machinery

      New York, NY, United States

      Publication History

      • Published: 2 May 2017

      Permissions

      Request permissions about this article.

      Request Permissions

      Check for updates

      Qualifiers

      • research-article

      Acceptance Rates

      CHI '17 Paper Acceptance Rate600of2,400submissions,25%Overall Acceptance Rate6,199of26,314submissions,24%

    PDF Format

    View or Download as a PDF file.

    PDF

    eReader

    View online with eReader.

    eReader