ABSTRACT
In this paper we present a metaphor of an Imaginary Friend that walks along with the user. Due to a special bond with the user, the Imaginary Friend can see the emotions that the human companion is feeling glowing around her. As the user moves around she leaves behind emotion cookies that the Imaginary Friend will collect and treasure. In order to enable rich and playful interactions in the virtual-real continuum the implementation of the Imaginary Friend responds to motion, to the electrodermal activity and resorts to GPS coordinates. The Imaginary Friend was tested with several users to evaluate the connection between humans and this creature that lives in the border that separates imagination and reality.
- Hoff, E. A friend living inside me: The Forms and functions of imaginary companions. Imagination, Cognition and Personality 24, 2 (2005), 151--189.Google Scholar
- Hoff, E. Imaginary companions, creativity, and self-image in middle childhood. Creativity Research Journal 17, 2--3 (2005), 167--180.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Pearson, D., Rouse, H., Doswell, S., et al. Prevalence of imaginary companions in a normal child population. Child: Care, Health and Development 27, 1 (2001), 13--22.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Taylor, M., Hodges, S., and Kohányi, A. The illusion of independent agency: Do adult fiction writers experience their characters as having minds of their own? Imagination, Cognition and Personality 22, 4 (2003), 361--380.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Dawson, M., Schell, A., and Diane, F. Handbook of Psychophysiology. In J. Cacioppo, L. Tassinary and G. Berntson, eds., Handbook of Psychophysiology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000, 200--223.Google Scholar
- bioPlux research | PLUX Wireless Biosignals | Miniaturized EMG Biofeedback Systems. http://plux.info/biopluxresearch.Google Scholar
- Plutchik, R. The Nature of Emotions. American Scientist 89, 4 (2001), 344.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Terwogt, M. and Hoeksma, J. Colors and emotions: preferences and combinations. Journal of General Psychology 122, 1 (1995), 5.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Kaya, N. and Epps, H. Relationship between Color and Emotion: A Study of College Students. College Student Journal 38, 3 (2004), 396.Google Scholar
- Benedek, J. and Miner, T. Measuring Desirability: New methods for evaluating desirability in a usability lab setting. Proceedings of UPA Usability Professional Association 2003, 2002.Google Scholar
- Galvanic Skin Response for Measuring Emotions | Q Sensor | Affectiva. http://www.affectiva.com/q-sensor/.Google Scholar
- Picard, R. Affective Computing. M.I.T Media Laboratory Perceptual Computing Section Technical Report No. 321, 1995. http://affect.media.mit.edu/pdfs/95.picard.pdf.Google Scholar
- Drift, M. A future love story. In C. Nold, ed., Emotional Cartography - Technologies of the Self. 2009, 27.Google Scholar
- Leite, I., Pereira, A., Castellano, G., Martinho, C., Prada, R., and Paiva, A. Closing the Loop: from Affect Recognition to Empathic Interaction. Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Affect Interaction in Natural Environments (AFFINE'10), ACM (2010), 43. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Kort, B., Reilly, R., and Picard, R. W. An affective model of interplay between emotions and learning: reengineering educational pedagogy-building a learning companion. Proceedings IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies 0, (2001), 43--46. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Hegel, F., Spexard, T., Wrede, B., Horstmann, G., and Vogt, T. Playing a different imitation game: Interaction with an Empathic Android Robot. 2006 6th IEEERAS International Conference on Humanoid Robots, (2006), 56--61.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Pulman, S. G., Boye, J., Cavazza, M., Smith, C., and Cámara, R. S. de la. 'How was your day?' Proceedings of the 2010 Workshop on Companionable Dialogue Systems, Association for Computational Linguistics (2010), 37--42. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Bernhaupt, R., Boldt, A., Mirlacher, T., and Wilfinger, D. Using Emotions in Games: Emotional Flowers. Proceedings of the international conference on Advances in computer entertainment technology (ACE '07), ACM (2007), 41--48. Google ScholarDigital Library
- MacKerron, G. and Mourato, S. Mappiness, the happiness mapping app. http://www.mappiness.org.uk/.Google Scholar
- Glow - How Do You Feel? http://glowapp.com/.Google Scholar
- Church, K., Hoggan, E., and Oliver, N. A study of mobile mood awareness and communication through MobiMood. Proceedings of the 6th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Extending Boundaries, ACM (2010), 128--137. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Mislove, A., Lehmann, S., Ahn, Y.-Y., Onnela, J.-P., and Rosenquist, J. N. Pulse of the Nation: U. S. Mood Throughout the Day inferred from Twitter. 2010. http://www.ccs.neu.edu/home/amislove/twittermood/.Google Scholar
- Kawsar, F., Rukzio, E., and Kortuem, G. An explorative comparison of magic lens and personal projection for interacting with smart objects. Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Human computer interaction with mobile devices and services, ACM (2010), 157--160. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Greaves, A. and Rukzio, E. View & share: supporting co-present viewing and sharing of media using personal projection. Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services, ACM (2009), 44:1--44:4. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Ng, W. S. (Florence) and Sharlin, E. Tweeting halo: clothing that tweets. Adjunct proceedings of the 23nd annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology, ACM (2010), 447--448. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Mistry, P. and Maes, P. SixthSense: a wearable gestural interface. ACM SIGGRAPH ASIA 2009 Sketches, ACM (2009), 11:1--11:1. Google ScholarDigital Library
- D'Mello, S. K. and Graesser, A. Multimodal semi-automated affect detection from conversational cues, gross body language, and facial features. User Modeling and UserAdapted Interaction 20, 2 (2010), 147--187. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Rigas, G., Katsis, C. D., Ganiatsas, G., and Fotiadis, D. I. A User Independent, Biosignal Based, Emotion Recognition Method. User Modeling 2007, Springer-Verlag (2007), 314--318. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Kim, K. H., Bang, S. W., and Kim, S. R. Emotion recognition system using short-term monitoring of physiological signals. Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing 42, 3 (2004), 419--427.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Hedman, E., Wilder-Smith, O., Goodwin, M. S., Poh, M.-Z., Fletcher, R., and Picard, R. iCalm: Measuring electrodermal activity in almost any setting. 2009 3rd International Conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction and Workshops, (2009), 1--2.Google ScholarCross Ref
Index Terms
- An imaginary friend that connects with the user's emotions
Recommendations
Voluntary facial activations regulate physiological arousal and subjective experiences during virtual social stimulation
Exposure to distressing computer-generated stimuli and feedback of physiological changes during exposure have been effective in the treatment of anxiety disorders (e.g., social phobia). Here we studied voluntary facial activations as a method for ...
Is virtual reality emotionally arousing? Investigating five emotion inducing virtual park scenarios
Following the idea of using virtual environments (VEs) as mood induction procedures (MIPs), this study set out to examine whether five different virtual park scenarios would each elicit a specific affective state (i.e., joy, sadness, boredom, anger and ...
Using electrodermal activity to recognize ease of engagement in children during social interactions
UbiComp '14: Proceedings of the 2014 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous ComputingThe recent emergence of comfortable wearable sensors has focused almost entirely on monitoring physical activity, ignoring opportunities to monitor more subtle phenomena, such as the quality of social interactions. We argue that it is compelling to ...
Comments