Summary

Angiosarcoma is a highly aggressive and extremely rare neoplasm of the spleen, with a limited number of reported cases worldwide.

We report a case of a 69-year-old man who presented with progressive symptoms of fatigue, abdominal and back pain, anaemia and haemoperitoneum 1 year following embolisation of the spleen for splenic rupture. Additional imaging and colonoscopy with biopsy revealed intra-abdominal fluid and a colonic adenocarcinoma. Diagnostic laparoscopy demonstrated a haemoperitoneum and colon carcinoma, after which splenectomy via laparotomy was performed. Pathology report revealed an angiosarcoma of the spleen with peritoneal tumour deposits.

Rupturing of a spleen may be due to an underlying disease. Therefore, the differential diagnosis of splenic rupture should include the possibility of a splenic tumour. The definitive diagnosis and treatment of a splenic angiosarcoma may require splenectomy, although prognosis is poor.