Abstract
The study systemizes the current state of the mechanisms of the internalization of nanoparticles into living systems at all levels of organization (whole body, organ, tissue, and cell). Based on the data of the biological effects of nanoparticles with different characteristics, i.e., shape, size, composition, etc., it has been revealed that the whole set of physicochemical properties of nanoparticles define their ability to overcome biological barriers, as well as the mechanisms of cellular uptake, biodistribution in the organism, organs and tissues, biocompatibility, and cellular effects.
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Original Russian Text © O.A. Podkolodnaya, E.V. Ignatieva, N.L. Podkolodnyy, N.A. Kolchanov, 2012, published in Uspekhi Sovremennoi Biologii, 2012, Vol. 132, No. 1, pp. 3–15.
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Podkolodnaya, O.A., Ignatieva, E.V., Podkolodnyy, N.L. et al. Routes of nanoparticle uptake into mammalian organisms, their biocompatibility and cellular effects. Biol Bull Rev 2, 279–289 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079086412040068
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079086412040068