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Extended plasma channels created by UV laser in air and their application to control electric discharges

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Abstract

Results are presented from a series of experimental and theoretical studies on creating weakly ionized extended plasma channels in atmospheric air by 248-nm UV laser radiation and their application to control long high-voltage discharges. The main mechanisms of air ionization by UV laser pulses with durations from 100 fs to 25 ns and intensities in the ranges of 3×1011–1.5×1013 and 3×106–3×1011 W/cm2, respectively, which are below the threshold for optical gas breakdown, as well as the main relaxation processes in plasma with a density of 109–1017 cm−3, are considered. It is shown that plasma channels in air can be efficiently created by amplitude-modulated UV pulses consisting of a train of subpicosecond pulses producing primary photoelectrons and a long UV pulse suppressing electron attachment and sustaining the density of free electrons in plasma. Different modes of the generation and amplification of trains of subterawatt subpicosecond pulses and amplitude-modulated UV pulses with an energy of several tens of joules were implemented on the GARPUN-MTW hybrid Ti:sapphire-KrF laser facility. The filamentation of such UV laser beams during their propagation in air over distances of up to 100 m and the parameters of the corresponding plasma channels were studied experimentally and theoretically. Laser initiation of high-voltage electric discharges and control of their trajectories by means of amplitude-modulated UV pulses, as well as the spatiotemporal structure of breakdowns in air gaps with length of up to 80 cm, were studied.

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  1. Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 53, Moscow, 119991, Russia

    V. D. Zvorykin, A. A. Ionin, A. O. Levchenko, L. V. Seleznev, D. V. Sinitsyn, I. V. Smetanin, N. N. Ustinovskii & A. V. Shutov

  2. National Research Nuclear University Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Kashirskoe sh. 31, Moscow, 115409, Russia

    V. D. Zvorykin

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  1. V. D. Zvorykin
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Original Russian Text © V.D. Zvorykin, A.A. Ionin, A.O. Levchenko, L.V. Seleznev, D.V. Sinitsyn, I.V. Smetanin, N.N. Ustinovskii, A.V. Shutov, 2015, published in Fizika Plazmy, 2015, Vol. 41, No. 2, pp. 125–162.

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Zvorykin, V.D., Ionin, A.A., Levchenko, A.O. et al. Extended plasma channels created by UV laser in air and their application to control electric discharges. Plasma Phys. Rep. 41, 112–146 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063780X15010067

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