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Polymorphism, Molecular Characteristics of Alpha-Lactalbumin (LALBA) Gene in River and Swamp Buffalo

  • ANIMAL GENETICS
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Abstract

Alpha-lactalbumin (α-LA) is a unique whey protein associated with lactation traits in ruminants, but so far, buffalo LALBA gene have not been well understood. In this work, the polymorphisms of LALBA gene in river type and swamp type buffalo were identified using direct sequencing of PCR product. As a result, 26 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were determined in the LALBA in two types of buffalo, of which three were located in the 5' untranslated region (UTR), eighteen in the coding sequence (CDS), and five in the 3' UTR, and the variation pattern of LALBA gene was different between two types of buffalo. Ten SNPs in the CDS were non-synonymous, among which the amino acid changes caused by the c.95A>G, c.218A>G, c.286T>G and c.308A>G may affect the function of buffalo α-LA. A total of 11 LALBA CDS haplotypes was defined, of which B1 and B3 haplotypes were shared by river and swamp buffalo and the remains were only found in river buffalo. Accordingly, nine variants and two synonymous variants of buffalo α-LA were inferred, named variant A, A1, A2, B, C, D, E, F, G, H and I, respectively. The length of LALBA CDS for two types of buffalo was 429 nucleotides, encoding a precursor protein of 142 amino acids (AAs), and the first 19 AAs constitute a signal peptide. The composition and physicochemical characteristics of two types of buffalo α-LAs were the same, but slightly different from those of cattle α-LA. The α-LA mature peptides of buffalo and Bos genus contain a LYZ_LA functional domain and their tertiary structures are highly consistent, indicating that they are functionally similar. Our results provided initial insights into the variation, characteristics and biological function of buffalo LALBA gene.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (nos. 31760659 and 31460582) and the Natural Science Foundation Key Project of Yunnan Province, China (nos. 2014FA032 and 2007C0003Z).

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, Yunnan, China

      X. Y. Fan, L. H. Qiu, Y. Y. Zhang, X. H. Teng & Y. W. Miao

    2. Teaching Demonstration Center of the Basic Experiments of Agricultural Majors, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, Yunnan, China

      Y. Y. Zhang

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    The authors X. Y. Fan and L. H. Qiu contributed equally to this study.

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    Correspondence to Y. W. Miao.

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    Statement on the welfare of animals. All procedures for sample collection were performed in accordance with the Guide for Animal Care and Use of Experimental Animals approved by the Yunnan Provincial Experimental Animal Management Committee under Contract 2007-0069.

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    Fan, X.Y., Qiu, L.H., Zhang, Y.Y. et al. Polymorphism, Molecular Characteristics of Alpha-Lactalbumin (LALBA) Gene in River and Swamp Buffalo. Russ J Genet 57, 836–846 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1022795421070085

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