Abstract
The oxidation of metal bismuth after the introduction of bismuth oxide, ammonium nitrate, sodium chloride or carbonate into its melt, as well as the effect of mechanochemical preactivation on the oxidation process have been studied by X-ray diffraction analysis and thermogravimetry. It has been established that the oxidation of metal bismuth occurs at the dispersion stage, and the mechanochemical pretreatment of metallic bismuth mixed with 10–30% of its oxide leads to a decrease in the temperature of the onset of bismuth oxidation from 350 to 200°C. An ecologically pure method for obtaining concentrated solutions of various bismuth salts from metal by its preconversion to oxide and dissolution in mineral acids has been shown to be useful.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Rossiiskii rynok vismuta 2015: Analiticheskii obzor (Russian Bismuth Market 2015: An Analytical Review), Yekaterinburg, Russia: MetalResearch LLC, 2015, p. 12.
Krenev, V.A., Drobot, N.F., and Fomichev, S.V., Bismuth: Resources, areas of application, and world market, Khim. Tekhnol., 2014, vol. 15, no. 1, p. 42.
Yukhin, Yu.M. and Mikhailov, Yu.I., Khimiya vismutovykh soedinenii i materislov (Chemistry of Bismuth Compounds and Materials), Novosibirsk: Sib. Otd. Ross. Akad. Nauk, 2001.
Karyakin, Yu.V. and Angelov, I.I., Chistye khimicheskie veshchesbva (Pure Chemical Compounds), Moscow: Khimiya, 1974.
Kuanysheva, K.Z., Kunaev, A.M., and Laikin, V.K., On the dissolution of lead, bismuth, and their alloys in nitric acid solutions, Tr. Inst. Metall.Obogashch. Akad. Nauk Kaz. SSR, 1978, vol. 53, p. 68.
Volosnikova, L.M. and Ismatov, Kh.R., Issledovanie protsessa rastvoreniya metallicheskogo vismuta v sisteme H2O2–HMO3–H2O (Study of Bismuth Metal Dissolution in the H2O2–HMO3–H2O System), Available from VINITI, 1983, Tashkent, no. 4078-83.
Volosnikova, L.M., Gimalitdinova, Sh., and Ismatov, Kh.R., Rastvorenie metallicheskogo vismuta v azotnoi kislote s podachei kisloroda (Bismuth Metal Dissolution in Nitric Acid with Oxygen Supply), Available from VINITI, 1987, Tashkent, no. 4021-V87.
Buseev, A.I., Analiticheskata khimiya vismuta (Analytical Chemistry of Bismuth), Moscow: Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1953.
Kozin, L.F., Nikitin, A.A., Khobdabergenov, R.Zh., Ustinov, A.M., and Rakhmetov, B.A., Inventor’s Certificate 537032, Byull. Izobret., 1976, no. 44.
Hill, W.D., The bismuth–sodium nitrate reaction, J. Chem. Educ., 1989, vol. 66, no. 9, p. 709.
Remy, H., Treatise on Inorganic Chemistry: Introduction and Main Groups of the Periodic Table, Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1956.
Sillen, L.G., On the crystal structure of monoclinic α-Bi2O3, Z. Kristallogr., 1941, vol. 103, no. 1, p. 274.
Schumb, W.C. and Rittner, E.S., Polymorphism of bismuth trioxide, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1943, vol. 65, no. 6, p. 1055.
Sigeki, K. and Osamu, Ya., Jpn. Patent Application 61-136922, 1986.
Tolochko, B.P., Antokhin, E.I., Yukhin, Yu.M., Eliseev, V.S., Golkovskii, M.G., and Lyakhov, RFPatent 2426625, 2011.
Yukhin, Yu.M., Daminova, T.B., and Smirnov, C.I., Preparation of solutions of bismuth salts, Khim. Interesakh Ustoich. Razvit., 1999, vol. 7, no. 6, p. 745.
Novoselov, I.I., Shubin, Yu.V., Byzov, G.P., and Makarov, I.V., RF Patent 2385294, 2010.
Konstanchuk, I.G., Ivanov, E.Yu., and Boldyrev, V.V., Effect of mechanical alloying of magnesium with inorganic salts on its reactivity in relation to hydrogen, Chem. Sustainable Dev., 2005, vol. 13, no. 2, p. 243.
Gattow, G. and Schutze, D., Uber Wismutoxide. VI. Über ein wismuth(III)-oxide mit hoherem Sauerstroffgehalt (β-Modification), Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem., 1964, vol. 328, nos. 1–2, p. 44.
Harwig, N.A. and Gerards, A.G., The polymorphism of bismuth sesquioxide, Thermochim. Acta, 1962, vol. 318, nos. 3–4, p. 176.
Nishio, Y., Amezawa, K., Horibe, M., and Yamamoto, N., The synthesis of new basic bismuth nitrate complex oxides by the soft processing. BiO(NO3)–KOH–H2O system, J. Jpn Soc. PowderPowder Metall., 2002, vol. 49, no. 7, p. 593.
Sundwall, B., An X-ray diffraction study of the hexanuclear complex of Bi(III) in aqueous perchlorate solution. Determination of the oxygen positions, Acta Chem. Scand. A, 1980, vol. 34, no. 2, p. 93.
Mironov, V.E., Kul’ba, F.Ya., Fedorov, V.A., and Nikitenko, T.F., Potentiometric study of bismuth chloride complexes, Zh. Neorg. Khin., 1963, vol. 8, no 8, p. 1852.
Fedorov, V.A., Kalosh, T.N., and Mironov, V.E., Study of nitrate complexes of trivalent bismuth, Zh. Neorg. Khin., 1971, vol. 16, no. 4, p. 1014.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © Yu.M. Yukhin, K.V. Mishchenko, A.S. Daminov, 2017, published in Teoreticheskie Osnovy Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii, 2017, Vol. 51, No. 4, pp. 470–477.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yukhin, Y.M., Mishchenko, K.V. & Daminov, A.S. Bismuth preoxidation for preparing solutions of salts. Theor Found Chem Eng 51, 495–502 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0040579517040303
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0040579517040303