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Journal of Bacteriology, June 2006, p. 3849-3861, Vol. 188, No. 11
0021-9193/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.01348-05
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Complete Cellulase System in the Marine Bacterium Saccharophagus degradans Strain 2-40^T

Department of Marine and Estuarine Environmental Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742,¹ Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, UMR6908, CNRS and Universités Aix-Marseille I and II, Case 932, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France,² Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742³

Received 1 September 2005/ Accepted 1 March 2006

Saccharophagus degradans strain 2-40 is a representative of an emerging group of marine complex polysaccharide (CP)-degrading bacteria. It is unique in its metabolic versatility, being able to degrade at least 10 distinct CPs from diverse algal, plant and invertebrate sources. The S. degradans genome has been sequenced to completion, and more than 180 open reading frames have been identified that encode carbohydrases. Over half of these are likely to act on plant cell wall polymers. In fact, there appears to be a full array of enzymes that degrade and metabolize plant cell walls. Genomic and proteomic analyses reveal 13 cellulose depolymerases complemented by seven accessory enzymes, including two cellodextrinases, three cellobiases, a cellodextrin phosphorylase, and a cellobiose phosphorylase. Most of these enzymes exhibit modular architecture, and some contain novel combinations of catalytic and/or substrate binding modules. This is exemplified by endoglucanase Cel5A, which has three internal family 6 carbohydrate binding modules (CBM6) and two catalytic modules from family five of glycosyl hydrolases (GH5) and by Cel6A, a nonreducing-end cellobiohydrolase from family GH6 with tandem CBM2s. This is the first report of a complete and functional cellulase system in a marine bacterium with a sequenced genome.

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