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Infection and Immunity, February 2005, p. 1204-1208, Vol. 73, No. 2
0019-9567/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.73.2.1204-1208.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Salmonella-Induced Filament Formation Is a Dynamic Phenotype Induced by Rapidly Replicating Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium in Epithelial Cells

Infection, Immunity, Injury and Repair Program, Hospital for Sick Children,¹ Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,² Departments of Microbiology,³ Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington⁴

Received 6 July 2004/ Returned for modification 24 September 2004/ Accepted 18 October 2004

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium has the fascinating ability to form tubular structures known as Salmonella-induced filaments (Sifs) in host cells. Here, we show that the prevalence of the Sif phenotype in HeLa cells is affected by host cell density, growth, and the multiplicity of infection. Sif formation was observed in cells that displayed rapid intracellular bacterial replication and was found to be dynamic, being maximal 8 to 10 h postinfection and declining thereafter. The virulence factors SpvB and SseJ were found to negatively modulate Sif formation. Our findings demonstrate the complex and dynamic nature of the Sif phenotype.

Editor: A. D. O'Brien

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