Heterologously Expressed Staphylococcus aureus Fibronectin-Binding Proteins Are Sufficient for Invasion of Host Cells

doi:10.1128/IAI.68.12.6871-6878.2000

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Infection and Immunity, December 2000, p. 6871-6878, Vol. 68, No. 12
0019-9567/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Heterologously Expressed Staphylococcus aureus Fibronectin-Binding Proteins Are Sufficient for Invasion of Host Cells

Bhanu Sinha,¹^,²^,^* Patrice Francois,² Yok-Ai Que,³ Muzaffar Hussain,¹ Christine Heilmann,¹ Philippe Moreillon,³ Daniel Lew,² Karl-Heinz Krause,⁴ Georg Peters,¹ and Mathias Herrmann¹

Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Münster, D-48129 Münster, Germany,¹ and Division of Infectious Diseases² and Laboratory of Aging,⁴ University Hospital of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 14, and Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne,³ Switzerland

Received 26 July 2000/Returned for modification 25 August 2000/Accepted 6 September 2000

Staphylococcus aureus invasion of mammalian cells, including epithelial, endothelial, and fibroblastic cells, critically dependson fibronectin bridging between S. aureus fibronectin-bindingproteins (FnBPs) and the host fibronectin receptor integrin $alpha$ ₅ $beta$ ₁(B. Sinha et al., Cell. Microbiol. 1:101-117, 1999). However,it is unknown whether this mechanism is sufficient for S. aureusinvasion. To address this question, various S. aureus adhesins(FnBPA, FnBPB, and clumping factor [ClfA]) were expressed in Staphylococcuscarnosus and Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris. Both noninvasivegram-positive microorganisms are genetically distinct from S.aureus, lack any known S. aureus surface protein, and do not bindfibronectin. Transformants of S. carnosus and L. lactis harboringplasmids coding for various S. aureus surface proteins (FnBPA,FnBPB, and ClfA) functionally expressed adhesins (as determinedby bacterial clumping in plasma, specific latex agglutination,Western ligand blotting, and binding to immobilized and solublefibronectin). FnBPA or FnBPB but not of ClfA conferred invasivenessto S. carnosus and L. lactis. Invasion of 293 cells by transformantswas comparable to that of strongly invasive S. aureus strain Cowan1. Binding of soluble and immobilized fibronectin paralleled invasiveness,demonstrating that the amount of accessible surface FnBPs is ratelimiting. Thus, S. aureus FnBPs confer invasiveness to noninvasive,apathogenic gram-positive cocci. Furthermore, FnBP-coated polystyrenebeads were internalized by 293 cells, demonstrating that FnBPsare sufficient for invasion of host cells without the need for(S. aureus-specific)coreceptors.

^* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Münster, Domagkstraße 10, D-48149Münster, Germany. Phone: 49-251-83-553-45. Fax: 49-251-83-553-50.E-mail: Bhanu.Sinha{at}gmx.de.

Infection and Immunity, December 2000, p. 6871-6878, Vol. 68, No. 12
0019-9567/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

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