Original paper

Diet patterns in medieval to early modern (14th–early 20th c.) coastal communities in Lithuania

Skipitytė, Raminta; Lidén, Kerstin; Eriksson, Gunilla; Kozakaitė, Justina; Laužikas, Rimvydas; Piličiauskienė, Giedrė; Jankauskas, Rimantas

Anthropologischer Anzeiger Volume 77 No. 4 (2020), p. 299 - 312

published: Nov 30, 2020
published online: Jul 24, 2020
manuscript accepted: Mar 19, 2020
manuscript revision received: Feb 19, 2020
manuscript revision requested: Feb 4, 2020
manuscript received: Jun 20, 2019

DOI: 10.1127/anthranz/2020/1092

BibTeX file

ArtNo. ESP140007704003, Price: 29.00 €

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Abstract

Coastal residents are quite often expected to consume a significant amount of aquatic resources, though historical evidence often reveals a rather complex diet. To better understand the actual consumption and the distribution of various foods, stable isotope (δ13C and δ15N) analyses were employed to skeletal remains from three coastal communities, Palanga, Kretinga and Smeltė, ranging in date from the medieval period to the early modern ages (14th–early 20th c.) near the Curonian Lagoon and the Baltic Sea in Lithuania. Animal bones from the region, covering the same time periods, were also analysed. Stable isotope results were compared with historical records. According to historical sources different types of diet were prevalent during that period of time: Medieval Prussian-Lithuanian peasant, Lithuanian fisherman, German urban, and religious-based. Elevated δ15N values for Smeltė samples suggest a diet consisting of considerable amounts of freshwater fish protein, which is in contrast to historical sources. There were no significant differences in stable isotope values between males and females, while subadult δ15N values were significantly higher than adult ones, indicating that those children were breastfed for an extended period. Meanwhile, Palanga and Kretinga samples had isotope values suggesting a high reliance on terrestrial resources and a peasant type of diet.

Keywords

coastal communities • stable isotopes • diet • freshwater resources • Curonian Lagoon • Lithuania • breastfeeding • medieval • early modern