Chemical Amplification: Continuous-Flow PCR on a Chip
Martin U. Kopp,
Andrew J. de Mello,
Andreas Manz
*
A micromachined chemical amplifier was successfully used to perform
the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in continuous flow at high speed.
The device is analogous to an electronic amplifier and relies on the
movement of sample through thermostated temperature zones on a glass
microchip. Input and output of material (DNA) is continuous, and
amplification is independent of input concentration. A 20-cycle PCR
amplification of a 176-base pair fragment from the DNA gyrase
gene of Neisseria gonorrhoeae was performed at various flow
rates, resulting in total reaction times of 90 seconds to 18.7 minutes.
Zeneca/SmithKline Beecham Centre for Analytical Sciences,
Department of Chemistry, Imperial College of Science, Technology and
Medicine, London SW7 2AY, UK.
*
To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
a.manz{at}ic.ac.uk