Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.

Site Tools

  • AAAS
  • Subscribe
  • Feedback

Site Search

Search Advanced

Science 13 September 1996:
Vol. 273. no. 5281, pp. 1516 - 1517
DOI: 10.1126/science.273.5281.1516

Perspectives

Neil Risch, Kathleen Merikangas

The identification of the genetic basis of complex human diseases such as schizophrenia and diabetes has proven difficult. In their Perspective, Risch and Merikangas propose that we can best accomplish this goal by combining the power of the human genome project with association studies, a method for determining the basis of a genetic disease.


N. Risch is in the Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5120, USA. E-mail: risch{at}lahmed.stanford.edu. K. Merikangas is in the Departments of Epidemiology and Psychiatry Unit, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA. E-mail: kath{at}zeus.psych.yale.edu


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Addictions Biology: Haplotype-Based Analysis for 130 Candidate Genes on a Single Array.
C. A. Hodgkinson, Q. Yuan, K. Xu, P.-H. Shen, E. Heinz, E. A. Lobos, E. B. Binder, J. Cubells, C. L. Ehlers, J. Gelernter, et al. (2008)
Alcohol Alcohol. 43, 505-515
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Size matters: just how big is BIG?: Quantifying realistic sample size requirements for human genome epidemiology.
P. R Burton, A. L Hansell, I. Fortier, T. A Manolio, M. J Khoury, J. Little, and P. Elliott (2008)
Int. J. Epidemiol.
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Status and Prospects of Association Mapping in Plants.
C. Zhu, M. Gore, E. S. Buckler, and J. Yu (2008)
The Plant Genome 1, 5-20
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Genetic Architecture of Intracerebral Hemorrhage.
N. S. Rost, S. M. Greenberg, and J. Rosand (2008)
Stroke 39, 2166-2173
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Autosomal dominant moyamoya disease maps to chromosome 17q25.3.
Y. Mineharu, W. Liu, K. Inoue, N. Matsuura, S. Inoue, K. Takenaka, H. Ikeda, K. Houkin, Y. Takagi, K. Kikuta, et al. (2008)
Neurology 70, 2357-2363
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Genetics of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.
D. Wallis, H. F. Russell, and M. Muenke (2008)
J. Pediatr. Psychol.
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Genetics of Osteoporosis: From Population Association to Individualized Prognosis of Fracture.
T. V. Nguyen (2008)
IBMS BoneKEy 5, 212-221
   Full Text »    PDF »
Parathyroid hormone-responsive B1 gene is associated with premature ovarian failure.
H. Kang, S. K. Lee, M.-H. Kim, J. Song, S. J. Bae, N. K. Kim, S.-H. Lee, and K. Kwack (2008)
Hum. Reprod. 23, 1457-1465
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The complex genetics of multiple sclerosis: pitfalls and prospects.
S. Sawcer (2008)
Brain
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Linkage disequilibrium analyses within chromosome 19p in multiple sclerosis.
T. Vyshkina and B. Kalman (2008)
Multiple Sclerosis 14, 433-439
   Abstract »    PDF »
Extent of Linkage Disequilibrium in Holstein Cattle in North America.
M. Sargolzaei, F. S. Schenkel, G. B. Jansen, and L. R. Schaeffer (2008)
J Dairy Sci 91, 2106-2117
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Gene-Centric Genomewide Association Study via Entropy.
Y. Cui, G. Kang, K. Sun, M. Qian, R. Romero, and W. Fu (2008)
Genetics 179, 637-650
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Association between apolipoprotein-{varepsilon}4 and long-term outcome after traumatic brain injury.
A H P W.-v. Son, G M Ribbers, W C J Hop, C M van Duijn, and H J Stam (2008)
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 79, 426-430
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Increasing power in association studies by using linkage disequilibrium structure and molecular function as prior information.
E. Eskin (2008)
Genome Res. 18, 653-660
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Statistical Power of Expression Quantitative Trait Loci for Mapping of Complex Trait Loci in Natural Populations.
P. Schliekelman (2008)
Genetics 178, 2201-2216
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Large-Scale Analysis of Association Between LRP5 and LRP6 Variants and Osteoporosis.
J. B. J. van Meurs, T. A. Trikalinos, S. H. Ralston, S. Balcells, M. L. Brandi, K. Brixen, D. P. Kiel, B. L. Langdahl, P. Lips, O. Ljunggren, et al. (2008)
JAMA 299, 1277-1290
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Genome-wide association study provides evidence for a breast cancer risk locus at 6q22.33.
B. Gold, T. Kirchhoff, S. Stefanov, J. Lautenberger, A. Viale, J. Garber, E. Friedman, S. Narod, A. B. Olshen, P. Gregersen, et al. (2008)
PNAS 105, 4340-4345
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification of human minor histocompatibility antigens based on genetic association with highly parallel genotyping of pooled DNA.
T. Kawase, Y. Nannya, H. Torikai, G. Yamamoto, M. Onizuka, S. Morishima, K. Tsujimura, K. Miyamura, Y. Kodera, Y. Morishima, et al. (2008)
Blood 111, 3286-3294
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Genome-Wide Association for Methamphetamine Dependence: Convergent Results From 2 Samples.
G. R. Uhl, T. Drgon, Q.-R. Liu, C. Johnson, D. Walther, T. Komiyama, M. Harano, Y. Sekine, T. Inada, N. Ozaki, et al. (2008)
Arch Gen Psychiatry 65, 345-355
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Linkage Disequilibrium Under Skewed Offspring Distribution Among Individuals in a Population.
B. Eldon and J. Wakeley (2008)
Genetics 178, 1517-1532
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Bias-reduced estimators and confidence intervals for odds ratios in genome-wide association studies.
H. Zhong and R. L. Prentice (2008)
Biostat.
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A multimetric approach to analysis of genome-wide association by single markers and composite likelihood.
J. Gibson, W. Tapper, D. Cox, W. Zhang, A. Pfeufer, C. Gieger, H.-E. Wichmann, S. Kaab, A. R. Collins, T. Meitinger, et al. (2008)
PNAS 105, 2592-2597
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
High-density association study and nomination of susceptibility genes for hypertension in the Japanese National Project.
N. Kato, T. Miyata, Y. Tabara, T. Katsuya, K. Yanai, H. Hanada, K. Kamide, J. Nakura, K. Kohara, F. Takeuchi, et al. (2008)
Hum. Mol. Genet. 17, 617-627
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Three lectures on case control genetic association analysis.
W. Li (2008)
Brief Bioinform 9, 1-13
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Genetic Design and Statistical Power of Nested Association Mapping in Maize.
J. Yu, J. B. Holland, M. D. McMullen, and E. S. Buckler (2008)
Genetics 178, 539-551
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Simple Formulas for Gauging the Potential Impacts of Population Stratification Bias.
W.-C. Lee and L.-Y. Wang (2008)
Am. J. Epidemiol. 167, 86-89
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Search for Variants Associated With Young-Onset Type 2 Diabetes in American Indians in a 100K Genotyping Array.
R. L. Hanson, C. Bogardus, D. Duggan, S. Kobes, M. Knowlton, A. M. Infante, L. Marovich, D. Benitez, L. J. Baier, and W. C. Knowler (2007)
Diabetes 56, 3045-3052
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification of Type 2 Diabetes Genes in Mexican Americans Through Genome-Wide Association Studies.
M. G. Hayes, A. Pluzhnikov, K. Miyake, Y. Sun, M. C.Y. Ng, C. A. Roe, J. E. Below, R. I. Nicolae, A. Konkashbaev, G. I. Bell, et al. (2007)
Diabetes 56, 3033-3044
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Common pathways in Crohn's disease and other inflammatory diseases revealed by genomics.
D. Massey and M. Parkes (2007)
Gut 56, 1489-1492
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Genetic susceptibility to age-related macular degeneration: a paradigm for dissecting complex disease traits.
A. Swaroop, K. E. Branham, W. Chen, and G. Abecasis (2007)
Hum. Mol. Genet. 16, R174-R182
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Successful design and conduct of genome-wide association studies.
C. I. Amos (2007)
Hum. Mol. Genet. 16, R220-R225
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Evaluation of genome-wide power of genetic association studies based on empirical data from the HapMap project.
Y. Nannya, K. Taura, M. Kurokawa, S. Chiba, and S. Ogawa (2007)
Hum. Mol. Genet. 16, 2494-2505
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Roles of PAX6 and SOX2 in Myopia: Lessons from the 1958 British Birth Cohort.
C. L. Simpson, P. Hysi, S. S. Bhattacharya, C. J. Hammond, A. Webster, C. S. Peckham, P. C. Sham, and J. S. Rahi (2007)
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 48, 4421-4425
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Prediction of individual genetic risk to disease from genome-wide association studies.
N. R. Wray, M. E. Goddard, and P. M. Visscher (2007)
Genome Res. 17, 1520-1528
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Genetic Susceptibility to Peripheral Arterial Disease: A Dark Corner in Vascular Biology.
J. W. Knowles, T. L. Assimes, J. Li, T. Quertermous, and J. P. Cooke (2007)
Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 27, 2068-2078
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Simulating association studies: a data-based resampling method for candidate regions or whole genome scans.
F. A. Wright, H. Huang, X. Guan, K. Gamiel, C. Jeffries, W. T. Barry, F. Pardo-Manuel de Villena, P. F. Sullivan, K. C. Wilhelmsen, and F. Zou (2007)
Bioinformatics 23, 2581-2588
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Efficacy assessment of SNP sets for genome-wide disease association studies.
A. Wollstein, A. Herrmann, M. Wittig, M. Nothnagel, A. Franke, P. Nurnberg, S. Schreiber, M. Krawczak, and J. Hampe (2007)
Nucleic Acids Res. 35, e113
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
TRAF1-C5 as a Risk Locus for Rheumatoid Arthritis -- A Genomewide Study.
R. M. Plenge, M. Seielstad, L. Padyukov, A. T. Lee, E. F. Remmers, B. Ding, A. Liew, H. Khalili, A. Chandrasekaran, L. R.L. Davies, et al. (2007)
N. Engl. J. Med. 357, 1199-1209
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Risk Alleles for Multiple Sclerosis Identified by a Genomewide Study.
The International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Cons (2007)
N. Engl. J. Med. 357, 851-862
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Genomewide Association Analysis of Coronary Artery Disease.
N. J. Samani, J. Erdmann, A. S. Hall, C. Hengstenberg, M. Mangino, B. Mayer, R. J. Dixon, T. Meitinger, P. Braund, H.-E. Wichmann, et al. (2007)
N. Engl. J. Med. 357, 443-453
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Association of AGTR1 With 18-Month Treatment Outcome in Late-Life Depression.
D. G. Kondo, M. C. Speer, K. R. Krishnan, D. R. McQuoid, S. H. Slifer, C. F. Pieper, A. V. Billups, and D. C. Steffens (2007)
Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 15, 564-572
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Genetic association studies of interleukin-13 receptor {alpha}1 subunit gene polymorphisms in asthma and atopy.
A. K. Konstantinidis, S. J. Barton, I. Sayers, I. A. Yang, J. L. Lordan, S. Rorke, J. B. Clough, S. T. Holgate, and J. W. Holloway (2007)
Eur. Respir. J. 30, 40-47
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Bayesian method for gene detection and mapping, using a case and control design and DNA pooling.
T. Johnson (2007)
Biostat. 8, 546-565
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
GPDTI: A Genetic Programming Decision Tree Induction method to find epistatic effects in common complex diseases.
J. K. Estrada-Gil, J. C. Fernandez-Lopez, E. Hernandez-Lemus, I. Silva-Zolezzi, A. Hidalgo-Miranda, G. Jimenez-Sanchez, and E. E. Vallejo-Clemente (2007)
Bioinformatics 23, i167-i174
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Genetic Susceptibility, HIV Infection, and the Kidney.
K. Kiryluk, J. Martino, and A. G. Gharavi (2007)
Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 2, S25-S35
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Calmodulin-binding transcription activator 1 (CAMTA1) alleles predispose human episodic memory performance.
M. J. Huentelman, A. Papassotiropoulos, D. W. Craig, F. J. Hoerndli, J. V. Pearson, K.-D. Huynh, J. Corneveaux, J. Hanggi, C. R.A. Mondadori, A. Buchmann, et al. (2007)
Hum. Mol. Genet. 16, 1469-1477
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Genetic Epidemiology of Obesity.
W. Yang, T. Kelly, and J. He (2007)
Epidemiol. Rev.
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Contribution of Methotrexate Exposure and Host Factors on Transcriptional Variance in Human Liver.
G. S. Belinsky, A. L. Parke, Q. Huang, K. Blanchard, S. Jayadev, R. Stoll, M. Rothe, L. E. K. Achenie, R. R. Gupta, G. Y. Wu, et al. (2007)
Toxicol. Sci. 97, 582-594
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Quantitative Trait Loci for Fasting Glucose in Young Europeans Replicate Previous Findings for Type 2 Diabetes in 2q23-24 and Other Locations.
D. Fradin, S. Heath, M. Lathrop, and P. Bougneres (2007)
Diabetes 56, 1742-1745
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Bayesian Multilocus Association Method: Allowing for Higher-Order Interaction in Association Studies.
A. Albrechtsen, S. Castella, G. Andersen, T. Hansen, O. Pedersen, and R. Nielsen (2007)
Genetics 176, 1197-1208
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Joint Estimates of Quantitative Trait Locus Effect and Frequency Using Synthetic Recombinant Populations of Drosophila melanogaster.
S. J. Macdonald and A. D. Long (2007)
Genetics 176, 1261-1281
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
IRF5 rs2004640-T allele, the new genetic factor for systemic lupus erythematosus, is not associated with rheumatoid arthritis.
S. Garnier, P. Dieude, L. Michou, S. Barbet, A. Tan, S. Lasbleiz, T. Bardin, B. Prum, F. Cornelis, and for ECRAF (2007)
Ann Rheum Dis 66, 828-831
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Colloquium Papers: Plant domestication, a unique opportunity to identify the genetic basis of adaptation.
J. Ross-Ibarra, P. L. Morrell, and B. S. Gaut (2007)
PNAS 104, 8641-8648
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Evaluation of Genetic Variations in the Androgen and Estrogen Metabolic Pathways as Risk Factors for Sporadic and Familial Prostate Cancer.
J. M. Cunningham, S. J. Hebbring, S. K. McDonnell, M. S. Cicek, G. B. Christensen, L. Wang, S. J. Jacobsen, J. R. Cerhan, M. L. Blute, D. J. Schaid, et al. (2007)
Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 16, 969-978
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Variants in ARHGEF11, a Candidate Gene for the Linkage to Type 2 Diabetes on Chromosome 1q, Are Nominally Associated With Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes in Pima Indians.
L. Ma, R. L. Hanson, L. N. Que, A. M.G. Cali, M. Fu, J. L. Mack, A. M. Infante, S. Kobes, the International Type 2 Diabetes 1q Consortium, C. Bogardus, et al. (2007)
Diabetes 56, 1454-1459
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Genetic Variations Associated With Echocardiographic Left Ventricular Traits in Hypertensive Blacks.
K. J. Meyers, T. H. Mosley, E. Fox, E. Boerwinkle, D. K. Arnett, R. B. Devereux, and S. L.R. Kardia (2007)
Hypertension 49, 992-999
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Renal Albumin Excretion: Twin Studies Identify Influences of Heredity, Environment, and Adrenergic Pathway Polymorphism.
F. Rao, J. Wessel, G. Wen, L. Zhang, B. K. Rana, B. P. Kennedy, T. A. Greenwood, R. M. Salem, Y. Chen, S. Khandrika, et al. (2007)
Hypertension 49, 1015-1031
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Two Common Chromosome 8q24 Variants Are Associated with Increased Risk for Prostate Cancer.
L. Wang, S. K. McDonnell, J. P. Slusser, S. J. Hebbring, J. M. Cunningham, S. J. Jacobsen, J. R. Cerhan, M. L. Blute, D. J. Schaid, and S. N. Thibodeau (2007)
Cancer Res. 67, 2944-2950
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Lung Disease: Clinical Implications.
S. J. Tebbutt, A. James, and P. D. Pare (2007)
Chest 131, 1216-1223
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification of PVT1 as a Candidate Gene for End-Stage Renal Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Using a Pooling-Based Genome-Wide Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Association Study.
R. L. Hanson, D. W. Craig, M. P. Millis, K. A. Yeatts, S. Kobes, J. V. Pearson, A. M. Lee, W. C. Knowler, R. G. Nelson, and J. K. Wolford (2007)
Diabetes 56, 975-983
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Large scale genotype phenotype correlation analysis based on phylogenetic trees.
F. Habib, A. D. Johnson, R. Bundschuh, and D. Janies (2007)
Bioinformatics 23, 785-788
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Genome-Wide Linkage Scan for Diabetic Retinopathy Susceptibility Genes in Mexican Americans With Type 2 Diabetes From Starr County, Texas.
D. M. Hallman, E. Boerwinkle, V. H. Gonzalez, B. E. K. Klein, R. Klein, and C. L. Hanis (2007)
Diabetes 56, 1167-1173
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Clinical and Genetic Correlates of Aldosterone-to-Renin Ratio and Relations to Blood Pressure in a Community Sample.
C. Newton-Cheh, C.-Y. Guo, P. Gona, M. G. Larson, E. J. Benjamin, T. J. Wang, S. Kathiresan, C. J. O'Donnell, S. L. Musone, A. L. Camargo, et al. (2007)
Hypertension 49, 846-856
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Corin I555(P568) Allele Is Associated With Enhanced Cardiac Hypertrophic Response to Increased Systemic Afterload.
J. E. Rame, M. H. Drazner, W. Post, R. Peshock, J. Lima, R. S. Cooper, and D. L. Dries (2007)
Hypertension 49, 857-864
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
High density SNP association study of a major autism linkage region on chromosome 17.
J. L. Stone, B. Merriman, R. M. Cantor, D. H. Geschwind, and S. F. Nelson (2007)
Hum. Mol. Genet. 16, 704-715
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The molecular epidemiology of lung cancer.
A. G. Schwartz, G. M. Prysak, C. H. Bock, and M. L. Cote (2007)
Carcinogenesis 28, 507-518
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
An Extension of the Transmission Disequilibrium Test Incorporating Imprinting.
Y.-Q. Hu, J.-Y. Zhou, and W. K. Fung (2007)
Genetics 175, 1489-1504
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
High-Resolution Mapping for Essential Hypertension Using Microsatellite Markers.
K. Yatsu, N. Mizuki, N. Hirawa, A. Oka, N. Itoh, T. Yamane, M. Ogawa, T. Shiwa, Y. Tabara, S. Ohno, et al. (2007)
Hypertension 49, 446-452
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Homing in on Depression Genes.
P. McGuffin, S. Cohen, and J. Knight (2007)
Am J Psychiatry 164, 195-197
   Full Text »    PDF »
Genetics in Psychosomatic Medicine: Research Designs and Statistical Approaches.
J. M. McCaffery, H. Snieder, Y. Dong, and E. de Geus (2007)
Psychosom Med 69, 206-216
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Combining Sperm Typing and Linkage Disequilibrium Analyses Reveals Differences in Selective Pressures or Recombination Rates Across Human Populations.
V. J. Clark, S. E. Ptak, I. Tiemann, Y. Qian, G. Coop, A. C. Stone, M. Przeworski, N. Arnheim, and A. D. Rienzo (2007)
Genetics 175, 795-804
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Linkage proof for PTPN22, a rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility gene and a human autoimmunity gene.
L. Michou, S. Lasbleiz, A.-C. Rat, P. Migliorini, A. Balsa, R. Westhovens, P. Barrera, H. Alves, C. Pierlot, E. Glikmans, et al. (2007)
PNAS 104, 1649-1654
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Genetics of Sarcoidosis: Candidate Genes and Genome Scans.
M. C. Iannuzzi and B. A. Rybicki (2007)
Proceedings of the ATS 4, 108-116
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Marker-assisted selection to improve drought adaptation in maize: the backcross approach, perspectives, limitations, and alternatives.
J.-M. Ribaut and M. Ragot (2007)
J. Exp. Bot. 58, 351-360
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Bayesian modeling for genetic association in case-control studies: accounting for unknown population substructure.
L. Zhang, B. Mukherjee, M. Ghosh, and R. Wu (2006)
Statistical Modeling 6, 352-372
   Abstract »    PDF »
Genetic Associations in Preterm Birth: A Primer of Marker Selection, Study Design, and Data Analysis.
R. Menon, S. J. Fortunato, P. Thorsen, and S. Williams (2006)
Reproductive Sciences 13, 531-541
   Abstract »    PDF »
Genetic association studies of complex neurological diseases..
P M Abou-Sleiman, M G Hanna, and N W Wood (2006)
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 77, 1302-1304
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identifying genes for diabetic nephropathy--current difficulties and future directions.
B. R. Conway, D. A. Savage, and A. Peter Maxwell (2006)
Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 21, 3012-3017
   Full Text »    PDF »
Search for low penetrance alleles for colorectal cancer through a scan of 1467 non-synonymous SNPs in 2575 cases and 2707 controls with validation by kin-cohort analysis of 14 704 first-degree relatives.
E. L. Webb, M. F. Rudd, G. S. Sellick, R. El Galta, L. Bethke, W. Wood, O. Fletcher, S. Penegar, L. Withey, M. Qureshi, et al. (2006)
Hum. Mol. Genet. 15, 3263-3271
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Fine-mapping of coccidia-resistant quantitative trait Loci in chickens..
E.-S. Kim, Y. H. Hong, W. Min, and H. S. Lillehoj (2006)
Poult. Sci. 85, 2028-2030
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The C677T Polymorphism in the Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene (MTHFR), Maternal Use of Folic Acid Supplements, and Risk of Isolated Clubfoot: A Case-Parent-Triad Analysis.
L. Sharp, Z. Miedzybrodzka, A. H. Cardy, J. Inglis, L. Madrigal, S. Barker, D. Chesney, C. Clark, and N. Maffulli (2006)
Am. J. Epidemiol. 164, 852-861
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Nonlinear Tests for Genomewide Association Studies.
J. Zhao, L. Jin, and M. Xiong (2006)
Genetics 174, 1529-1538
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Genetic Approaches to Coronary Heart Disease.
J. C. Cohen (2006)
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 48, A10-A14
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »



ADVERTISEMENT
Click Me!

ADVERTISEMENT
Click Me!

To Advertise     Find Products


Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)

AAAS Logo HWP Logo

Magazine  |  News  |  Signaling  |  Careers  |  Multimedia  |  Collections  |  Help  |