Z.-Q. Zhang,
1
T. Schuler,
1
M. Zupancic,
1
S. Wietgrefe,
1
K. A. Staskus,
1
K. A. Reimann,
2
T. A. Reinhart,
3
M. Rogan,
1
W. Cavert,
1
C. J. Miller,
4
R. S. Veazey,
2
D. Notermans,
5
S. Little,
6
S. A. Danner,
5
D. D. Richman,
610
D. Havlir,
6
J. Wong,
610
H. L. Jordan,
2
T. W. Schacker,
7
P. Racz,
8
K. Tenner-Racz,
8
N. L. Letvin,
2
S. Wolinsky,
9
A. T. Haase
1*
In sexual transmission of simian immunodeficiency virus, and
early and later stages of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1)
infection, both viruses were found to replicate predominantly in
CD4+ T cells at the portal of entry and in lymphoid
tissues. Infection was propagated not only in activated and
proliferating T cells but also, surprisingly, in resting T cells. The
infected proliferating cells correspond to the short-lived population
that produces the bulk of HIV-1. Most of the HIV-1-infected resting T
cells persisted after antiretroviral therapy. Latently and chronically
infected cells that may be derived from this population pose challenges to eradicating infection and developing an effective vaccine.
1 Department of Microbiology, University of
Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
2 Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel
Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
3 Department of Infectious Diseases and
Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
4 California Regional Primate Research Center,
Davis, CA 95616, USA.
5 Division of Infectious
Diseases, Tropical Medicine and AIDS, Academic Hospital, University of
Amsterdam, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Netherlands.
6 Departments of Pathology and Medicine, University
of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
7 Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota
Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
8 Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine,
Hamburg 20359, Germany.
9 Division of Infectious
Disease, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
10 San Diego VA Health Care System, San Diego, CA
92093, USA.
*
To whom correspondence should be addressed.
