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NEUROPHARMACOLOGY

Antidepressants Targeting the Serotonin Reuptake Transporter Act via a Competitive Mechanism

Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, Roche Pharmaceuticals, Palo Alto, California

Although several antidepressants (including fluoxetine, imipramine, citalopram, venlafaxine, and duloxetine) are known to inhibit the serotonin transporter (SERT), whether or not these molecules compete with 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) (5-HT) for binding to SERT has remained controversial. We have performed radioligand competition binding experiments and found that all data can be fitted via a simple competitive interaction model, using Cheng-Prusoff analysis (Biochem Pharmacol 22:3099–3108, 1973). Two different SERT-selective radioligands, [³H]N,N-dimethyl-2-(2-amino-4-cyanophenyl thio)-benzylamine (DASB) and [³H]S-citalopram, were used to probe competitive binding to recombinantly expressed human SERT or native SERT in rat cortical membranes. All the SERT inhibitors that we tested were able to inhibit [³H]DASB and [³H]S-citalopram binding in a concentration-dependent manner, with unity Hill coefficient. In accordance with the Cheng-Prusoff relationship for a competitive interaction, we observed that test compound concentrations associated with 50% maximal inhibition of radiotracer binding (IC₅₀) increased linearly with increasing radioligand concentration for all ligands: 5-HT, S-citalopram, R-citalopram, paroxetine, clomipramine, fluvoxamine, imipramine venlafaxine, duloxetine, indatraline, cocaine, and 2-β-carboxy-3-β-(4-iodophenyl)tropane. The equilibrium dissociation constant of 5-HT and SERT inhibitors were also derived using Scatchard analysis of the data set, and they were found to be comparable with the data obtained using the Cheng-Prusoff relationship. Our studies establish a reference framework that will contribute to ongoing efforts to understand ligand binding modes at SERT by demonstrating that 5-HT and the SERT inhibitors tested bind to the serotonin transporter in a competitive manner.

Address correspondence to: Dr. Subbu Apparsundaram, Roche Pharmaceuticals, 3431 Hillview Ave., Mail Stop R2-101, Palo Alto, CA 94304. E-mail: subbu.apparsundaram{at}roche.com

This article has been cited by other articles:

				R. S. Martin, R. A. Henningsen, A. Suen, S. Apparsundaram, B. Leung, Z. Jia, R. K. Kondru, and M. E. Milla Kinetic and Thermodynamic Assessment of Binding of Serotonin Transporter Inhibitors J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., December 1, 2008; 327(3): 991 - 1000. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]