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There remains a paucity of methodological tools to determine the biodistribution of vaccine antigens. In response to this, we established a near-infrared (NIR) imaging method using a NIR fluorophore, ZW800-1C, conjugated with different sizes of vaccine antigens that allows for real-time monitoring of the fate of delivered vaccines in vivo. The fluorescent signal observed using the system after a model vaccine injection in mice recapitulated the size-dependent transport of the vaccine into the secondary lymphoid tissue. This methodology can be broadly applied for optimization of formulations and safety evaluation of clinical vaccines.
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Wataru Katagiri, Marc-André Tetrault, Homan Kang, Sinyoung Jeong, Conor L. Evans, Hak Soo Choi, Satoshi Kashiwagi, "Vaccine visualization using a zwitterionic near-infrared fluorophore (Conference Presentation)," Proc. SPIE 11219, Visualizing and Quantifying Drug Distribution in Tissue IV, 1121906 (20 April 2020); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2545297