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Heterogeneity and load balance in distributed hash tables
Godfrey, P.B.; Stoica, I.;
INFOCOM 2005. 24th Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies. Proceedings IEEE
Volume 1,
13-17 March 2005
Page(s):596
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606 vol. 1
Abstract:
Existing solutions to balance load in DHTs incur a high overhead either in terms of routing state or in terms of load movement generated by nodes arriving or departing the system. In this paper, we propose a set of general techniques and use them to develop a protocol based on Chord, called Y/sub 0/, that achieves load balancing with minimal overhead under the typical assumption that the load is uniformly distributed in the identifier space. In particular, we prove that Y/sub 0/ can achieve near-optimal load balancing, while moving little load to maintain the balance and increasing the size of the routing tables by at most a constant factor. Using extensive simulations based on real-world and synthetic capacity distributions, we show that Y/sub 0/ reduces the load imbalance of Chord from O(log n) to a less than 3.6 without increasing the number of links that a node needs to maintain. In addition, we study the effect of heterogeneity on both DHTs, demonstrating significantly reduced average route length as node capacities become increasingly heterogeneous. For a real-word distribution of node capacities, the route length in Y/sub 0/ is asymptotically less than half the route length in the case of a homogeneous system.
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