Interaction of laser beams with carbon textile materials

The purpose of this paper is to present the results of interaction occurring during the exposition of some specific carbon textile materials obtained in laboratory conditions to beams of various laser types.

Carbon fabric materials – fiber, felt and cloth – obtained from different precursor materials and prepared at various process conditions (oxidized, partially carbonized, carbonized, graphitized), were exposed to pulses of various lasers (Nd3+: YAG, alexandrite, ruby).

Depending on the laser power, plasma and destructive phenomena occurred. In the case of an interaction between a Nd3+: YAG laser beam and specimens of thickness in millimeter range, the authors have estimated the threshold of the energy density for drilling and discussed the possible models of the interaction.

The results have implications in the estimations of quality as well as in the improvement of material processing, giving some new light to the changes of mechanical and optical constants of the material, as well as to the changes of carbon groups of the material, which would be useful for different types of modeling. Future research will be in the interaction of laser beams with various textile materials, where the investigation would cover the microstructure changes and the implications on cloth cutting and welding, concerning the damages as well as relief structures, specially renew for fs laser regimes.

The area of laser applications in the textile industry is supported by scientific and applicative exploration. However, fewer results are concerned with deep introspection into the microstructure of the damages considering the laser interaction with carbon fiber and other carbon-based textiles.