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The piperidine ring of the title mol­ecule, C20H15Cl2N3, is in a chair form. The dihedral angle between the two chloro­phenyl rings is 38.4 (1)°. The benzene rings are in equatorial orientations. The malononitrile group is planar. Intra­molecular C—H...Cl and C—H...N hydrogen bonds are found in the crystal structure.

Supporting information

cif

Crystallographic Information File (CIF) https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536807060059/rk2063sup1.cif
Contains datablocks global, I

hkl

Structure factor file (CIF format) https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536807060059/rk2063Isup2.hkl
Contains datablock I

CCDC reference: 673048

Key indicators

  • Single-crystal X-ray study
  • T = 200 K
  • Mean [sigma](C-C) = 0.003 Å
  • R factor = 0.041
  • wR factor = 0.124
  • Data-to-parameter ratio = 26.3

checkCIF/PLATON results

No syntax errors found



Alert level B PLAT026_ALERT_3_B Ratio Observed / Unique Reflections too Low .... 35 Perc.
Alert level C PLAT066_ALERT_1_C Predicted and Reported Transmissions Identical . ? PLAT371_ALERT_2_C Long C(sp2)-C(sp1) Bond C14 - C15 ... 1.44 Ang. PLAT371_ALERT_2_C Long C(sp2)-C(sp1) Bond C14 - C17 ... 1.44 Ang. PLAT420_ALERT_2_C D-H Without Acceptor N1 - H1 ... ?
Alert level G PLAT793_ALERT_1_G Check the Absolute Configuration of C2 ..... S PLAT793_ALERT_1_G Check the Absolute Configuration of C6 ..... R
0 ALERT level A = In general: serious problem 1 ALERT level B = Potentially serious problem 4 ALERT level C = Check and explain 2 ALERT level G = General alerts; check 3 ALERT type 1 CIF construction/syntax error, inconsistent or missing data 3 ALERT type 2 Indicator that the structure model may be wrong or deficient 1 ALERT type 3 Indicator that the structure quality may be low 0 ALERT type 4 Improvement, methodology, query or suggestion 0 ALERT type 5 Informative message, check

Comment top

Jayabharathi et al. (2007) have reported synthesis, stereochemistry and antimicrobial evaluation of t3-benzyl-r2,c6-diarylpiperidin-4-one and its derivatives. Manimekalai et al. (2000) have reported 13C– and 1H-NMR spectral studies of some t3-carboxyethyl-r2,c6-diphenylpiperidine derivatives. Thiruvalluvar et al. (2007) have reported a crystal structure of 3-ethyl-2,6-diphenylpiperidin-4-ol wherein the piperidine ring is in chair form. The piperidine ring of the title molecule, C20H15Cl2N3, is in chair form too. The dihedral angle between the two chlorophenyl rings is 38.4 (1)°. The phenyl rings at 2 and 6 positions are in equatorial orientations. The malononitrile group at position 4 has a coplanar orientation. Weak C—H···Cl and C—H···N intramolecular hydrogen bonds are found in the crystal structure.

Related literature top

For applications of piperidines, see: Jayabharathi et al. (2007); Manimekalai et al. 2000. For a related crystal structure, see: Thiruvalluvar et al. (2007).

Experimental top

2,6-bis(O-chlorophenyl)piperidin-4-one (3 mmol, 1 g), ammonium acetate (3 mmol, 0.256 g) and basic alumina (3 mmol, 3 g) and malononitrile (3 mmol, 0.02 g) were mixed thoroughly in a mortar. The reaction mixture was placed in a beaker and irradiated using microwave in a microwave oven operating at 2450 Hz (100% power, 850 W) for 3 minutes. The reaction mixture was extracted with dichloromethane followed by water. The product was recrystallized from ethanol. The yield of the isolated product was 0.42 g (60%).

Refinement top

The N bound H atom was obtained from a difference Fourier map and refined isotropically. Other H atoms were positioned geometrically and allowed to ride on their parent atoms with C—H = 0.95–1.00 Å and Uiso = 1.2Ueq(C).

Computing details top

Data collection: CrysAlis CCD (Oxford Diffraction, 2007); cell refinement: CrysAlis CCD (Oxford Diffraction, 2007); data reduction: CrysAlis RED (Oxford Diffraction, 2007); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 1997); software used to prepare material for publication: PLATON (Spek, 2003).

Figures top
[Figure 1] Fig. 1. The molecular structure of the title compound with the atomic numbering scheme. Displacement ellipsoids are drawn at 50% probability level. H atoms are shown as small spheres of arbitrary radius.
2-[2,6-Bis(2-chlorophenyl)piperidin-4-ylidene]malononitrile top
Crystal data top
C20H15Cl2N3F(000) = 760
Mr = 368.25Dx = 1.356 Mg m3
Monoclinic, P21/cMelting point: 452 K
Hall symbol: -P 2ybcMo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
a = 15.1732 (10) ÅCell parameters from 3546 reflections
b = 7.5493 (5) Åθ = 4.7–32.8°
c = 16.3452 (12) ŵ = 0.37 mm1
β = 105.494 (7)°T = 200 K
V = 1804.3 (2) Å3Plate, pale yellow
Z = 40.51 × 0.44 × 0.21 mm
Data collection top
Oxford Diffraction Gemini
diffractometer
6044 independent reflections
Radiation source: fine–focus sealed tube2122 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Graphite monochromatorRint = 0.050
Detector resolution: 10.5081 pixels mm-1θmax = 32.8°, θmin = 4.7°
ϕ and ω scansh = 2221
Absorption correction: multi-scan
(CrysAlis RED; Oxford Diffraction, 2007)
k = 1111
Tmin = 0.829, Tmax = 0.926l = 1724
17148 measured reflections
Refinement top
Refinement on F2Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods
Least-squares matrix: fullSecondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.041Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
wR(F2) = 0.124H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
S = 0.89 w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0517P)2]
where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
6044 reflections(Δ/σ)max < 0.002
230 parametersΔρmax = 0.22 e Å3
0 restraintsΔρmin = 0.32 e Å3
Crystal data top
C20H15Cl2N3V = 1804.3 (2) Å3
Mr = 368.25Z = 4
Monoclinic, P21/cMo Kα radiation
a = 15.1732 (10) ŵ = 0.37 mm1
b = 7.5493 (5) ÅT = 200 K
c = 16.3452 (12) Å0.51 × 0.44 × 0.21 mm
β = 105.494 (7)°
Data collection top
Oxford Diffraction Gemini
diffractometer
6044 independent reflections
Absorption correction: multi-scan
(CrysAlis RED; Oxford Diffraction, 2007)
2122 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Tmin = 0.829, Tmax = 0.926Rint = 0.050
17148 measured reflections
Refinement top
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.0410 restraints
wR(F2) = 0.124H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
S = 0.89Δρmax = 0.22 e Å3
6044 reflectionsΔρmin = 0.32 e Å3
230 parameters
Special details top

Geometry. Bond distances, angles etc. have been calculated using the rounded fractional coordinates. All s.u.'s are estimated from the variances of the (full) variance–covariance matrix. The cell s.u.'s are taken into account in the estimation of distances, angles and torsion angles

Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R–factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R–factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > 2σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R–factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R–factors based on ALL data will be even larger.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å2) top
xyzUiso*/Ueq
Cl10.51594 (3)0.83403 (7)0.09858 (4)0.0614 (2)
Cl20.20649 (5)0.40648 (8)0.32315 (5)0.0862 (3)
N10.27010 (10)0.8856 (2)0.19991 (11)0.0415 (5)
N160.32725 (12)0.4937 (3)0.09216 (11)0.0692 (7)
N180.12217 (15)0.2456 (3)0.01170 (14)0.0857 (9)
C20.33512 (11)0.8643 (2)0.14911 (11)0.0391 (6)
C30.28114 (13)0.8191 (2)0.05805 (12)0.0459 (6)
C40.22329 (11)0.6593 (3)0.05782 (12)0.0432 (6)
C50.16425 (12)0.6703 (3)0.11789 (12)0.0517 (7)
C60.22218 (11)0.7209 (2)0.20674 (11)0.0416 (6)
C140.22543 (11)0.5155 (3)0.01047 (11)0.0434 (6)
C150.28311 (13)0.5028 (3)0.04622 (12)0.0486 (7)
C170.16823 (14)0.3631 (3)0.01110 (13)0.0554 (8)
C210.39066 (11)1.0311 (2)0.15015 (10)0.0374 (6)
C220.47250 (12)1.0308 (3)0.12742 (11)0.0429 (6)
C230.52285 (13)1.1825 (3)0.12783 (12)0.0508 (7)
C240.49203 (13)1.3408 (3)0.15060 (13)0.0547 (7)
C250.41203 (14)1.3466 (3)0.17392 (14)0.0559 (7)
C260.36109 (12)1.1931 (2)0.17297 (12)0.0476 (7)
C610.16153 (11)0.7413 (3)0.26566 (11)0.0414 (6)
C620.14843 (12)0.6070 (3)0.31873 (12)0.0472 (7)
C630.08924 (13)0.6248 (3)0.36937 (12)0.0599 (8)
C640.04183 (13)0.7797 (4)0.36721 (13)0.0651 (9)
C650.05376 (13)0.9164 (3)0.31606 (14)0.0636 (8)
C660.11242 (12)0.8965 (3)0.26533 (13)0.0535 (7)
H10.2970 (12)0.917 (3)0.2470 (12)0.049 (6)*
H20.377420.764160.172650.0469*
H3A0.241840.920630.032980.0550*
H3B0.324080.796410.023060.0550*
H5A0.134410.554500.120230.0620*
H5B0.115810.760060.097390.0620*
H60.268030.625380.228740.0499*
H230.578861.177600.112360.0610*
H240.526161.446080.150190.0656*
H250.391181.455740.190820.0671*
H260.304991.199330.188230.0571*
H630.081520.530520.405320.0719*
H640.000430.792580.401350.0781*
H650.021661.024630.315590.0763*
H660.119430.991160.229290.0642*
Atomic displacement parameters (Å2) top
U11U22U33U12U13U23
Cl10.0679 (3)0.0520 (3)0.0765 (4)0.0007 (2)0.0403 (3)0.0093 (3)
Cl20.1155 (5)0.0572 (4)0.1071 (5)0.0202 (3)0.0665 (4)0.0268 (4)
N10.0461 (9)0.0446 (10)0.0375 (9)0.0067 (7)0.0176 (8)0.0067 (9)
N160.0757 (12)0.0742 (14)0.0707 (12)0.0104 (10)0.0422 (10)0.0109 (11)
N180.1039 (15)0.0733 (14)0.1018 (16)0.0402 (12)0.0655 (13)0.0354 (13)
C20.0453 (10)0.0367 (10)0.0371 (10)0.0036 (8)0.0143 (8)0.0019 (9)
C30.0547 (10)0.0442 (11)0.0428 (11)0.0087 (9)0.0202 (9)0.0059 (10)
C40.0426 (10)0.0504 (12)0.0376 (10)0.0071 (8)0.0123 (8)0.0057 (10)
C50.0494 (10)0.0574 (13)0.0557 (12)0.0130 (9)0.0269 (10)0.0140 (11)
C60.0415 (9)0.0411 (10)0.0468 (11)0.0012 (8)0.0197 (8)0.0005 (10)
C140.0467 (10)0.0477 (12)0.0376 (10)0.0066 (8)0.0146 (8)0.0035 (10)
C150.0532 (11)0.0473 (12)0.0478 (11)0.0081 (9)0.0179 (9)0.0096 (11)
C170.0639 (12)0.0575 (14)0.0542 (13)0.0150 (10)0.0319 (10)0.0207 (12)
C210.0460 (10)0.0353 (10)0.0319 (9)0.0002 (8)0.0123 (8)0.0017 (9)
C220.0518 (10)0.0400 (11)0.0399 (10)0.0045 (8)0.0176 (9)0.0044 (10)
C230.0515 (11)0.0539 (13)0.0493 (12)0.0107 (10)0.0173 (9)0.0012 (11)
C240.0613 (12)0.0424 (12)0.0571 (13)0.0134 (10)0.0101 (10)0.0045 (11)
C250.0664 (13)0.0360 (11)0.0638 (14)0.0008 (10)0.0148 (10)0.0037 (11)
C260.0491 (10)0.0413 (11)0.0537 (13)0.0024 (8)0.0160 (9)0.0010 (10)
C610.0369 (9)0.0475 (11)0.0411 (11)0.0007 (8)0.0126 (8)0.0017 (10)
C620.0478 (10)0.0481 (12)0.0492 (12)0.0017 (9)0.0191 (9)0.0014 (11)
C630.0563 (12)0.0814 (16)0.0459 (12)0.0101 (11)0.0202 (10)0.0072 (13)
C640.0463 (12)0.105 (2)0.0506 (13)0.0043 (12)0.0242 (10)0.0030 (15)
C650.0535 (12)0.0791 (17)0.0619 (14)0.0208 (11)0.0220 (10)0.0030 (14)
C660.0526 (11)0.0568 (13)0.0553 (12)0.0118 (10)0.0215 (10)0.0070 (12)
Geometric parameters (Å, º) top
Cl1—C221.741 (2)C25—C261.391 (3)
Cl2—C621.743 (2)C61—C661.388 (3)
N1—C21.458 (2)C61—C621.383 (3)
N1—C61.460 (2)C62—C631.381 (3)
N16—C151.134 (3)C63—C641.368 (4)
N18—C171.131 (3)C64—C651.370 (3)
N1—H10.81 (2)C65—C661.377 (3)
C2—C211.513 (2)C2—H21.0000
C2—C31.533 (3)C3—H3A0.9900
C3—C41.491 (3)C3—H3B0.9900
C4—C141.339 (3)C5—H5A0.9900
C4—C51.498 (3)C5—H5B0.9900
C5—C61.532 (3)C6—H61.0000
C6—C611.507 (2)C23—H230.9500
C14—C171.443 (3)C24—H240.9500
C14—C151.438 (3)C25—H250.9500
C21—C221.388 (3)C26—H260.9500
C21—C261.388 (2)C63—H630.9500
C22—C231.376 (3)C64—H640.9500
C23—C241.371 (3)C65—H650.9500
C24—C251.367 (3)C66—H660.9500
Cl1···C33.447 (2)C65···C63xi3.586 (3)
Cl1···C25i3.586 (2)C66···C15x3.537 (3)
Cl1···N16ii3.454 (2)C15···H3B2.4900
Cl1···C23iii3.591 (2)C17···H5A2.4500
Cl1···H22.7400C22···H3B3.0100
Cl1···H3B2.8600C24···H2viii3.0900
Cl1···H24iv3.0400C26···H12.72 (2)
Cl2···H62.6000C62···H65vi2.9700
N16···C24iii3.375 (3)C63···H3Ax3.0500
N16···Cl1ii3.454 (2)C66···H12.899 (19)
N1···H662.5800C66···H5B2.9500
N1···H262.4500H1···C262.72 (2)
N16···H23iii2.9200H1···C662.899 (19)
N16···H24iii2.6800H1···H262.3500
N16···H1v2.633 (19)H1···N16x2.633 (19)
N18···H5A2.9100H2···Cl12.7400
N18···H64vi2.6500H2···H62.3500
N18···H63vii2.6800H2···H25iv2.3500
C3···Cl13.447 (2)H2···C24i3.0900
C4···C63v3.596 (3)H3A···C63v3.0500
C4···C64v3.594 (3)H3B···Cl12.8600
C14···C25iv3.569 (3)H3B···C152.4900
C14···C64v3.486 (3)H3B···C223.0100
C14···C65v3.567 (3)H5A···N182.9100
C15···C66v3.537 (3)H5A···C172.4500
C21···C24i3.570 (3)H5B···C662.9500
C22···C25i3.537 (3)H6···Cl22.6000
C23···Cl1iii3.591 (2)H6···H22.3500
C24···N16iii3.375 (3)H6···H25iv2.4800
C24···C21viii3.570 (3)H23···N16iii2.9200
C25···Cl1viii3.586 (2)H24···Cl1ix3.0400
C25···C14ix3.569 (3)H24···N16iii2.6800
C25···C22viii3.537 (3)H25···H2ix2.3500
C62···C65vi3.567 (3)H25···H6ix2.4800
C63···C4x3.596 (3)H26···N12.4500
C63···C65vi3.586 (3)H26···H12.3500
C64···C4x3.594 (3)H63···N18xii2.6800
C64···C14x3.486 (3)H64···N18xi2.6500
C65···C14x3.567 (3)H65···C62xi2.9700
C65···C62xi3.567 (3)H66···N12.5800
C2—N1—C6112.10 (14)C63—C64—C65120.34 (19)
C6—N1—H1108.3 (15)C64—C65—C66119.8 (2)
C2—N1—H1109.3 (13)C61—C66—C65121.5 (2)
N1—C2—C21111.19 (13)N1—C2—H2109.00
N1—C2—C3108.06 (15)C3—C2—H2109.00
C3—C2—C21110.34 (14)C21—C2—H2109.00
C2—C3—C4110.11 (15)C2—C3—H3A110.00
C3—C4—C5114.09 (18)C2—C3—H3B110.00
C5—C4—C14122.35 (19)C4—C3—H3A110.00
C3—C4—C14123.53 (17)C4—C3—H3B110.00
C4—C5—C6110.07 (15)H3A—C3—H3B108.00
N1—C6—C61111.32 (15)C4—C5—H5A110.00
C5—C6—C61109.74 (14)C4—C5—H5B110.00
N1—C6—C5108.14 (15)C6—C5—H5A110.00
C15—C14—C17114.98 (19)C6—C5—H5B110.00
C4—C14—C15122.66 (19)H5A—C5—H5B108.00
C4—C14—C17122.34 (17)N1—C6—H6109.00
N16—C15—C14178.7 (2)C5—C6—H6109.00
N18—C17—C14178.8 (2)C61—C6—H6109.00
C2—C21—C26121.17 (15)C22—C23—H23120.00
C2—C21—C22122.08 (16)C24—C23—H23120.00
C22—C21—C26116.75 (16)C23—C24—H24120.00
Cl1—C22—C23117.51 (15)C25—C24—H24120.00
Cl1—C22—C21120.30 (16)C24—C25—H25120.00
C21—C22—C23122.19 (19)C26—C25—H25120.00
C22—C23—C24119.86 (19)C21—C26—H26119.00
C23—C24—C25119.8 (2)C25—C26—H26119.00
C24—C25—C26120.2 (2)C62—C63—H63120.00
C21—C26—C25121.25 (18)C64—C63—H63120.00
C62—C61—C66117.03 (17)C63—C64—H64120.00
C6—C61—C62122.72 (18)C65—C64—H64120.00
C6—C61—C66120.18 (17)C64—C65—H65120.00
C61—C62—C63122.0 (2)C66—C65—H65120.00
Cl2—C62—C61120.46 (15)C61—C66—H66119.00
Cl2—C62—C63117.52 (17)C65—C66—H66119.00
C62—C63—C64119.3 (2)
C6—N1—C2—C364.46 (17)C5—C6—C61—C6680.5 (2)
C6—N1—C2—C21174.30 (14)C2—C21—C22—Cl11.4 (2)
C2—N1—C6—C564.40 (18)C2—C21—C22—C23179.60 (16)
C2—N1—C6—C61174.98 (14)C26—C21—C22—Cl1179.49 (13)
N1—C2—C3—C455.69 (18)C26—C21—C22—C230.5 (3)
C21—C2—C3—C4177.45 (15)C2—C21—C26—C25179.97 (17)
N1—C2—C21—C22161.78 (16)C22—C21—C26—C250.8 (3)
N1—C2—C21—C2619.1 (2)Cl1—C22—C23—C24179.57 (15)
C3—C2—C21—C2278.3 (2)C21—C22—C23—C240.5 (3)
C3—C2—C21—C26100.77 (19)C22—C23—C24—C250.9 (3)
C2—C3—C4—C551.7 (2)C23—C24—C25—C261.3 (3)
C2—C3—C4—C14126.22 (19)C24—C25—C26—C211.2 (3)
C3—C4—C5—C651.6 (2)C6—C61—C62—Cl22.7 (3)
C14—C4—C5—C6126.36 (19)C6—C61—C62—C63176.83 (18)
C3—C4—C14—C151.1 (3)C66—C61—C62—Cl2179.61 (15)
C3—C4—C14—C17179.60 (18)C66—C61—C62—C630.1 (3)
C5—C4—C14—C15178.89 (18)C6—C61—C66—C65177.46 (18)
C5—C4—C14—C172.6 (3)C62—C61—C66—C650.5 (3)
C4—C5—C6—N155.4 (2)Cl2—C62—C63—C64179.49 (16)
C4—C5—C6—C61176.97 (17)C61—C62—C63—C640.1 (3)
N1—C6—C61—C62144.01 (18)C62—C63—C64—C650.7 (3)
N1—C6—C61—C6639.2 (2)C63—C64—C65—C661.3 (3)
C5—C6—C61—C6296.3 (2)C64—C65—C66—C611.2 (3)
Symmetry codes: (i) x+1, y1/2, z+1/2; (ii) x+1, y+1, z; (iii) x+1, y+2, z; (iv) x, y1, z; (v) x, y+3/2, z1/2; (vi) x, y1/2, z+1/2; (vii) x, y+1/2, z1/2; (viii) x+1, y+1/2, z+1/2; (ix) x, y+1, z; (x) x, y+3/2, z+1/2; (xi) x, y+1/2, z+1/2; (xii) x, y+1/2, z+1/2.
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º) top
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
C2—H2···Cl11.002.743.0777 (18)100.00
C6—H6···Cl21.002.603.0909 (18)110.00
C26—H26···N10.952.452.795 (2)102.00

Experimental details

Crystal data
Chemical formulaC20H15Cl2N3
Mr368.25
Crystal system, space groupMonoclinic, P21/c
Temperature (K)200
a, b, c (Å)15.1732 (10), 7.5493 (5), 16.3452 (12)
β (°) 105.494 (7)
V3)1804.3 (2)
Z4
Radiation typeMo Kα
µ (mm1)0.37
Crystal size (mm)0.51 × 0.44 × 0.21
Data collection
DiffractometerOxford Diffraction Gemini
diffractometer
Absorption correctionMulti-scan
(CrysAlis RED; Oxford Diffraction, 2007)
Tmin, Tmax0.829, 0.926
No. of measured, independent and
observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections
17148, 6044, 2122
Rint0.050
(sin θ/λ)max1)0.762
Refinement
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S 0.041, 0.124, 0.89
No. of reflections6044
No. of parameters230
H-atom treatmentH atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å3)0.22, 0.32

Computer programs: CrysAlis CCD (Oxford Diffraction, 2007), CrysAlis RED (Oxford Diffraction, 2007), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997), ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 1997), PLATON (Spek, 2003).

Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º) top
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
C2—H2···Cl11.002.743.0777 (18)100.00
C6—H6···Cl21.002.603.0909 (18)110.00
C26—H26···N10.952.452.795 (2)102.00
 

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