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X-ray diffuse scattering of SrTiO3 has been measured at two photon energies, the first just below the absorption edge and the second far from the K absorption edge of strontium, in order to vary the atomic scattering factor of the strontium cations. It is shown that two different models of cation displacement comply with the single-energy diffuse scattering patterns, because single-energy diffuse scattering provides only ambiguous information on the directions of displacement of the Sr2+ and Ti4+ cations. However, the application of multi-energy anomalous diffuse scattering determines unambiguously that the Sr2+ cations are moved from their ideal positions in the [100] direction and the Ti4+ cations are shifted in {111} directions.

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