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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 108, Issue 1 411-418, Copyright © 1995 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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GENE REGULATION AND MOLECULAR GENETICS |
Ascorbate Free Radical Reductase mRNA Levels Are Induced by Wounding
A. A. Grantz, D. A. Brummell and A. B. Bennett
Mann Laboratory, Department of Vegetable Crops, University of California, Davis, California 95616
A cDNA clone encoding ascorbate free radical (AFR) reductase (EC 1.6.5.4)
was isolated from tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) and its mRNA
levels were analyzed. The cDNA encoded a deduced protein of 433 amino acids
and possessed amino acid domains characteristic of flavin adenine
dinucleotide- and NAD(P)H-binding proteins but did not possess typical
eukaryotic targeting sequences, suggesting that it encodes a cytosolic form
of AFR reductase. Low-stringency genomic DNA gel blot analysis indicated
that a single nuclear gene encoded this enzyme. Total ascorbate contents
were greatest in leaves, with decreasing amounts in stems and roots and
relatively constant levels in all stages of fruit. AFR reductase activity
was inversely correlated with total ascorbate content, whereas the relative
abundance of AFR reductase mRNA was directly correlated with enzyme
activity in tissues examined. AFR reductase mRNA abundance increased
dramatically in response to wounding, a treatment that is known to also
induce ascorbate-dependent prolyl hydroxylation required for the
accumulation of hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins. In addition, AFR
reductase may contribute to maintaining levels of ascorbic acid for
protection against wound-induced free radical-mediated damage.
Collectively, the results suggest that AFR reductase activity is regulated
at the level of mRNA abundance by low ascorbate contents or by factors that
promote ascorbate utilization.
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