First published online July 17, 2003; 10.1104/pp.103.024703
Plant Physiology 133:203-217 (2003)
© 2003 American Society of Plant Biologists
GENETICS, GENOMICS, AND MOLECULAR EVOLUTION
Members of the Arabidopsis-SKP1-like Gene Family Exhibit a Variety of Expression Patterns and May Play Diverse Roles in Arabidopsis1
Dazhong Zhao2,
Weimin Ni2,
Baomin Feng,
Tianfu Han,
Megan G. Petrasek and
Hong Ma*
Department of Biology and the Huck Institute for Life Sciences, 313 Wartik Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 (D.Z., W.N., B.F., T.H., M.G.P., H.M.); and Institute of Crop Breeding and Cultivation, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China (T.H.)
Ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis by the proteasome is a critical regulatory mechanism controlling many biological processes. In particular, SKP1, cullin/CDC53, F-box protein (SCF) complexes play important roles in selecting substrates for proteolysis by facilitating the ligation of ubiquitin to specific proteins. In plants, SCF complexes have been found to regulate auxin responses and jasmonate signaling and may be involved in several other processes, such as flower development, circadian clock, and gibberellin signaling. Although 21 Skp1-related genes, called Arabidopsis-SKP1-like (ASK), have been uncovered in the Arabidopsis genome, ASK1 is the only gene that has been analyzed genetically. As a first step toward understanding their functions, we tested for expression of 20 ASK genes using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction experiments. Also, we examined the expression patterns of 11 ASK genes by in situ hybridizations. The ASK genes exhibit a spectrum of expression levels and patterns, with a large subset showing expression in the flower and/or fruit. In addition, the ASK genes that have similar sequences tend to have similar expression patterns. On the basis of the expression results, we selectively suppressed the expression of a few ASK genes using RNA interference. Compared with the ask1 mutant, the strong ASK1 RNA interference (RNAi) line exhibited similar or enhanced phenotypes in both vegetative and floral development, whereas ASK11 RNAi plants had normal vegetative growth but mild defects in flower development. The diverse expression patterns and distinct defects observed in RNAi plants suggest that the ASK gene family may collectively perform a range of functions and may regulate different developmental and physiological processes.
1 This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (grant nos. MCB-9896340 and MCB-0092075 to H.M.), by the National Institutes of Health (grant no. RO1 GM63871 to H.M.), and by Funds from the Department of Biology and the Huck Institute for Life Sciences at the Pennsylvania State University. T.H. was supported by China Scholarship Council and National Natural Science Foundation of China.
2 These authors contributed equally to this paper.
* Corresponding author; e-mail hxm16{at}psu.edu; fax 814-863-1357.
Received April 2, 2003;
returned for revision April 25, 2003;
accepted May 29, 2003.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
|
|
 
X. Hou, W.-W. Hu, L. Shen, L. Y. C. Lee, Z. Tao, J.-H. Han, and H. Yu
Global Identification of DELLA Target Genes during Arabidopsis Flower Development
Plant Physiology,
July 1, 2008;
147(3):
1126 - 1142.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. W. Ganko, B. C. Meyers, and T. J. Vision
Divergence in Expression between Duplicated Genes in Arabidopsis
Mol. Biol. Evol.,
October 1, 2007;
24(10):
2298 - 2309.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Dreher and J. Callis
Ubiquitin, Hormones and Biotic Stress in Plants
Ann. Bot.,
May 1, 2007;
99(5):
787 - 822.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. M. Schwager, L. I. A. Calderon-Villalobos, E. M.N. Dohmann, B. C. Willige, S. Knierer, C. Nill, and C. Schwechheimer
Characterization of the VIER F-BOX PROTEINE Genes from Arabidopsis Reveals Their Importance for Plant Growth and Development
PLANT CELL,
April 1, 2007;
19(4):
1163 - 1178.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z. Hua and T.-h. Kao
Identification and Characterization of Components of a Putative Petunia S-Locus F-Box-Containing E3 Ligase Complex Involved in S-RNase-Based Self-Incompatibility
PLANT CELL,
October 1, 2006;
18(10):
2531 - 2553.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Angot, N. Peeters, E. Lechner, F. Vailleau, C. Baud, L. Gentzbittel, E. Sartorel, P. Genschik, C. Boucher, and S. Genin
Ralstonia solanacearum requires F-box-like domain-containing type III effectors to promote disease on several host plants
PNAS,
September 26, 2006;
103(39):
14620 - 14625.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Yang, L. Timofejeva, H. Ma, and C. A. Makaroff
The Arabidopsis SKP1 homolog ASK1 controls meiotic chromosome remodeling and release of chromatin from the nuclear membrane and nucleolus
J. Cell Sci.,
September 15, 2006;
119(18):
3754 - 3763.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Pazhouhandeh, M. Dieterle, K. Marrocco, E. Lechner, B. Berry, Vér. Brault, O. Hemmer, T. Kretsch, K. E. Richards, P. Genschik, et al.
From the Cover: F-box-like domain in the polerovirus protein P0 is required for silencing suppressor function
PNAS,
February 7, 2006;
103(6):
1994 - 1999.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. W. WOODWARD and B. BARTEL
Auxin: Regulation, Action, and Interaction
Ann. Bot.,
April 1, 2005;
95(5):
707 - 735.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Moon, G. Parry, and M. Estelle
The Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway and Plant Development
PLANT CELL,
December 1, 2004;
16(12):
3181 - 3195.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Fu, D. E. Richards, B. Fleck, D. Xie, N. Burton, and N. P. Harberd
The Arabidopsis Mutant sleepy1gar2-1 Protein Promotes Plant Growth by Increasing the Affinity of the SCFSLY1 E3 Ubiquitin Ligase for DELLA Protein Substrates
PLANT CELL,
June 1, 2004;
16(6):
1406 - 1418.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
O. Faivre-Rampant, E. M. Gilroy, K. Hrubikova, I. Hein, S. Millam, G. J. Loake, P. Birch, M. Taylor, and C. Lacomme
Potato Virus X-Induced Gene Silencing in Leaves and Tubers of Potato
Plant Physiology,
April 1, 2004;
134(4):
1308 - 1316.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Ni, D. Xie, L. Hobbie, B. Feng, D. Zhao, J. Akkara, and H. Ma
Regulation of Flower Development in Arabidopsis by SCF Complexes
Plant Physiology,
April 1, 2004;
134(4):
1574 - 1585.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C.-P. Lai, C.-L. Lee, P.-H. Chen, S.-H. Wu, C.-C. Yang, and J.-F. Shaw
Molecular Analyses of the Arabidopsis TUBBY-Like Protein Gene Family
Plant Physiology,
April 1, 2004;
134(4):
1586 - 1597.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Takahashi, H. Kuroda, T. Kuromori, T. Hirayama, M. Seki, K. Shinozaki, H. Shimada, and M. Matsui
Expression and Interaction Analysis of Arabidopsis Skp1-Related Genes
Plant Cell Physiol.,
January 15, 2004;
45(1):
83 - 91.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Liu, W. Ni, M. E. Griffith, Z. Huang, C. Chang, W. Peng, H. Ma, and D. Xie
The ASK1 and ASK2 Genes Are Essential for Arabidopsis Early Development
PLANT CELL,
January 1, 2004;
16(1):
5 - 20.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
