Abstract
A general attenuator is a bosonic quantum channel that acts by combining the input with a fixed environment state in a beam splitter of transmissivity . If is a thermal state, the resulting channel is a thermal attenuator, whose quantum capacity vanishes for . We study the quantum capacity of these objects for generic , proving a number of unexpected results. Most notably, we show that for any arbitrary value of there exists a suitable single-mode state such that the quantum capacity of is larger than a universal constant . Our result holds even when we fix an energy constraint at the input of the channel, and implies that quantum communication at a constant rate is possible even in the limit of arbitrarily low transmissivity, provided that the environment state is appropriately controlled. We also find examples of states such that the quantum capacity of is not monotonic in . These findings may have implications for the study of communication lines running across integrated optical circuits, of which general attenuators provide natural models.
- Received 31 March 2020
- Accepted 29 July 2020
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.110504
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