Quantum coherence allows for reduced-memory simulators of classical processes. Using recent results in single-shot quantum thermodynamics, we derive a minimal work cost rate for quantum simulators that is quasistatically attainable in the limit of asymptotically infinite parallel simulation. Comparing this cost with the classical regime reveals that quantizing classical simulators not only results in memory compression but also in reduced dissipation. We explore this advantage across a suite of representative examples.

• Received 3 November 2019
• Accepted 8 June 2020

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.020601