Operational Head-on Beam-Beam Compensation with Electron Lenses in the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider

W. Fischer, X. Gu, Z. Altinbas, M. Costanzo, J. Hock, C. Liu, Y. Luo, A. Marusic, R. Michnoff, T. A. Miller, A. I. Pikin, V. Schoefer, P. Thieberger, and S. M. White

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 264801 – Published 23 December 2015

Abstract

Head-on beam-beam compensation has been implemented in the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider in order to increase the luminosity delivered to the experiments. We discuss the principle of combining a lattice for resonance driving term compensation and an electron lens for tune spread compensation. We describe the electron lens technology and its operational use. To date, the implemented compensation scheme approximately doubled the peak and average luminosities.