Figure 1

Schematic drawing explaining the SMR in a YIG/Pt system. (a) When the magnetization $\vec{M}$ of YIG is perpendicular to the spin polarization $\vec{\sigma }$ of the spin accumulation created in the Pt by the SHE, the spin accumulation will be absorbed (${\vec{J}}_{\mathrm{abs}}$) by the localized moments in the YIG. (b) For $\vec{M}$ parallel to $\vec{\sigma }$, the spin accumulation cannot be absorbed, which results in a reflected spin current back into the Pt, where an additional charge current ${\vec{J}}_{\mathrm{refl}}$ will be created by the ISHE. (c) For $\vec{M}$ in any other direction, the component of $\vec{\sigma }$ perpendicular to $\vec{M}$ will be absorbed and the component parallel to $\vec{M}$ will be reflected, resulting in a current ${\vec{J}}_{\mathrm{refl}}$ which is not collinear with the initially applied current $\overrightarrow{J_e}$.Reuse & Permissions

Figure 2

(a) Schematics of the used Pt Hall bar geometry. (b) In-plane magnetic field dependence of the magnetization $M$ of the pure single crystal of YIG. $B_c$ indicates the coercive field of 0.06 mT.Reuse & Permissions

Figure 3

Results of the in-plane magnetic field dependence of the resistance of the Pt strip with a thickness of 4 nm. Configuration for (a) longitudinal and (b) transverse resistance measurements. (c) and (d) show the measured resistance of the Pt strip while applying an in-plane magnetic field for different angles $\alpha$, for the longitudinal and transverse configurations, respectively. $R_0$ has a magnitude between 1007 and 1008 $\Omega$. (e) Thickness dependence of the measured magnetoresistance for YIG/Pt and SiO${}_2$/Pt samples. $\Delta R_L$ is defined as the maximum difference in longitudinal resistance [$R_L(\alpha =0^{\circ })-R_L(\alpha ={90}^{\circ })$], and $R_0$ is $R_L$($\alpha =0^{\circ }$). The solid red line is a theoretical fit.[11, 12]Reuse & Permissions

Figure 4

Results of the out-of-plane magnetic field dependence of the transverse resistance. (a) Configuration for the transverse resistance measurements. $\varphi$ is defined as a rotation from the $z$-towards the $-y$-direction, whereas $\theta$ gives a rotation from the $z$- towards the $x$-direction. (b) Magnetic field dependence of the transverse resistance for different thicknesses of Pt on top of YIG, for $\varphi =-1^{\circ }$ and $\theta =1^{\circ }$. (c) Dependence of the transverse resistance on $\theta$, fixing $\varphi =-1^{\circ }$, pointing out the effect of the direction of the in-plane component of the applied magnetic field on the observed signal. (d) Theoretical fits of the SMR signal for out-of-plane applied fields lower than the saturation field, assuming a linear background resistance, as shown by the dotted red line. For all shown measurements, a constant background resistance of 10 to 900 m$\Omega$ is subtracted.Reuse & Permissions

Figure 5

Comparison of (a) transverse resistance for an out-of-plane applied magnetic field, and (b) spin pumping/ISHE signal (using an rf frequency of 1.4 GHz with a power of 10 mW) for Pt on top of YIG, deposited by e-beam evaporation (E) and dc sputtering (S).Reuse & Permissions