Weak localization of light by cold atoms: The impact of quantum internal structure

Cord A. Müller, Thibaut Jonckheere, Christian Miniatura, and Dominique Delande
Phys. Rev. A 64, 053804 – Published 2 October 2001
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Abstract

Since the work of Anderson on localization, interference effects for the propagation of a wave in the presence of disorder have been extensively studied, as exemplified in coherent backscattering (CBS) of light. In the multiple scattering of light by a disordered sample of thermal atoms, interference effects are usually washed out by the fast atomic motion. This is no longer true for cold atoms where CBS has recently been observed. However, the internal structure of the atoms strongly influences the interference properties. In this paper, we consider light scattering by an atomic dipole transition with arbitrary degeneracy and study its impact on coherent backscattering. We show that the interference contrast is strongly reduced. Assuming a uniform statistical distribution over internal degrees of freedom, we compute analytically the single- and double-scattering contributions to the intensity in the weak-localization regime. The so-called ladder and crossed diagrams are generalized to the case of atoms and permit to calculate enhancement factors and backscattering intensity profiles for polarized light and any closed atomic dipole transition.

  • Received 30 March 2001

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.64.053804

©2001 American Physical Society

Authors & Affiliations

Cord A. Müller1,3, Thibaut Jonckheere2, Christian Miniatura1, and Dominique Delande2,3

  • 1Laboratoire Ondes et Désordre, FRE 2302 du CNRS, 1361 route des Lucioles, F-06560 Valbonne, France
  • 2Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Tour 12, Etage 1, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
  • 3Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Komplexer Systeme, Nöthnitzer Strasse 38, D-01187 Dresden, Germany

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Vol. 64, Iss. 5 — November 2001

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