We investigate a scheme to guide a weak vector beam using optically written waveguides inside atomic vapor, while controlling its polarization rotation. The atoms are prepared in the four-level tripod configuration in the presence of an external magnetic field. The three transitions of the tripod system are driven by a strong control beam and the two orthogonal polarization components of a weak vector beam (VB). A suitable spatial intensity profile and the detuning of the control field facilitate the generation of an optical fiberlike refractive index gradient across the atomic vapor. This enables waveguiding of the weak VB for a couple of Rayleigh lengths. Further, the magnetic-field-induced anisotropy of the tripod system creates a difference in the refractive indices of its two components. This is the reason behind the polarization shaping of VB. The mechanism of efficient guiding of VB with controllable polarization may have important applications in high-density optical communication and quantum information.

• Received 28 April 2022
• Revised 25 May 2022
• Accepted 1 June 2022

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.105.063714