1887

Abstract

O antigens are polysaccharides consisting of repeat units of three to eight sugars, generally assembled by genes in a discrete O antigen gene cluster. produces 46 forms of O antigen, and most of the variation is determined by genes in the gene cluster. However in some cases the structures are modified by enzymes encoded outside of the gene cluster, and several such modifications have been reported for group E, some with the genes on bacteriophages and one gene at a distant chromosomal site. We identified the enzyme, WbaK, that is responsible for -acetylating the subgroup E1 O antigen, and found that the gene is located just downstream of the gene cluster as currently known. The gene appears to have been imported by a recombination event that also replaced the last 37 bp of the gene, indicating that homologous recombination was involved. Some of the group E strains we studied must have the original gene cluster, as they lack and the sequence downstream of is very similar to that in several other O antigen gene clusters. In effect the gene cluster was extended by one gene in subgroup E1. It appears that a function that is usually encoded by a gene outside of the gene cluster has been added to the gene cluster, in this case giving an example of how such gene clusters can evolve.

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2013-11-01
2024-03-19
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