1887

Abstract

The hypothesis that loss of aphid transmissibility of potyvirus mutants is due to non-retention of virions in the mouthparts was tested by feeding aphids through membranes on purified virions of aphid transmissible (AT or HAT) and non-aphid-transmissible (NAT) tobacco vein mottling virus (TVMV) or tobacco etch virus (TEV), in the presence of functional [potato virus Y (PVY) HC or TVMV HC] or non-functional (PVC HC) helper component (HC). TVMV virions were detected, by electron microscopic examination of immunogold-labelled thin sections, in the food canal or cibarium of 57% of 28 aphids fed on the transmissible combination of TVMV-AT and functional HC, while no virions were found in these structures in 25 aphids fed on the non-transmissible combinations: TVMV-NAT and PVY HC, or TVMV-AT and PVC HC. Autoradiography of intact stylets allowed the examination of much larger numbers of aphids, fed on I-labelled TEV; 48% of 523 aphids fed on the TEV-HAT and PVY HC combination retained label in the stylets; this correlated well with the percentage transmission in bioassays. In contrast, in non-transmissible combinations, label was found in the stylets of 0.77% of 389 aphids fed on TEV-NAT and PVY HC, and 1.35% of 223 aphids fed on TEV-HAT and PVC HC. No differences were found in the overall amount of label in the bodies of aphids fed on the transmissible and non-transmissible combinations. There was a strong tendency for virions to be retained in the distal third of the stylets; 56% of aphids positive for TVMV, and 82% of those positive for TEV, had label in this area. These data support the concept that virions retained within the stylets are those that are primarily involved in potyvirus transmission.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-77-5-861
1996-05-01
2024-03-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/77/5/JV0770050861.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-77-5-861&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Allison R. F., Johnston R. E., Dougherty W. G. 1986; The nucleotide sequence of the coding region of tobacco etch virus genomic RNA: evidence for synthesis of a single polyprotein. Virology 154:9–20
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Ammar E. D., Järlfors U., Pirone T. P. 1994; Association of potyvirus helper component protein with virions and the cuticle lining the maxillary food canal and foregut of an aphid vector. Phytopathology 84:1054–1060
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Atreya C. D., Pirone T. P. 1993; Mutational analysis of the helper component-proteinase gene of a potyvirus: effects of amino acid substitutions, deletions, and gene replacement on virulence and aphid transmissibility. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciecnes, USA 90:11919–11923
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Atreya C. D., Raccah B., Pirone T. P. 1990; A point mutation in the coat protein abolishes aphid transmissibility of a potyvirus. Virology 178:161–165
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Atreya P. L., Atreya C. D., Pirone T. P. 1991; Amino acid substitutions in the coat protein result in loss of insect transmissibility of a plant virus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 88:7887–7891
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Atreya C. D., Atreya P. L., Thornbury D. W., Pirone T. P. 1992a; Site-directed mutations in the potyvirus HC-PRO gene affect helper component activity, virus accumulation, and symptom expression in infected tobacco plants. Virology 191:106–111
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Atreya C. D., Atreya P. L., Pirone T. P. 1992b; Construction of in-frame chimeric plant viral genes by simplified PCR strategies. Plant Molecular Biology 19:517–522
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Atreya P. L., Lopez-Moya J. J., Chu M., Atreya C. D., Pirone T. P. 1995; Mutational analysis of the coat protein N-terminal amino acids involved in potyvirus transmission by aphids. Journal of General Virology 76:265–270
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Berger P. H., Pirone T. P. 1986; The effect of helper component on the uptake and localization of potyviruses in Myzus persicae . Virology 153:256–261
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Bradley R. H. E. 1964; Aphid transmission of stylet-borne viruses. In Plant Virology pp 148–174 Edited by Corbett M. K., Sisler H. D. Gainesville: University of Florida Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Bradley R. H. E. 1966; Which of an aphid’s stylets carry transmissible virus?. Virology 29:396–401
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Carrington J. C., Haldeman R., Dolja V. V., Restrepo-Hartwig M. A. 1993; Internal cleavage and trans-proteolytic activities of the VPg-proteinase (NIa) of tobacco etch potyvirus in vivo . Journal of Virology 67:6995–7000
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Govier D. A., Kassanis B. 1974; A virus-induced component of plant sap needed when aphids acquire potato virus Y from purified preparations. Virology 61:420–426
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Harris K. F. 1977; An ingestion-egestion hypothesis of non-circulative virus transmission. In Aphids as Virus Vectors pp 165–220 Edited by Harris K. F., Maramorosch K. New York: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Harris K. F., Bath J. E. 1973; Regurgitation by Myzus persicae during membrane feeding: its likely role in transmission of non-persistent plant viruses. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 66:793–796
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Hoggan I. A. 1933; Some factors involved in aphid transmission of the cucumber-mosaic virus to tobacco. Journal of Agricultural Research 47:689–704
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Kennedy J. S., Day M. F., Eastop V. F. 1962 A Conspectus of Aphids as Vectors of Plant Viruses pp 1–2 London: Commonwealth Institute of Entomology;
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Matthews R. E. F. 1991 Plant Virology 3rd edn pp 531–532 San Diego: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Murphy J. F., Rhoads R. E., Hunt A. G., Shaw J. G. 1990; The VPg of tobacco etch virus RNA is the 49-kDa proteinase or the N-terminal 24-kDa part of the proteinase. Virology 178:285–288
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Pirone T. P. 1981; Efficiency and selectivity of the helper component mediated aphid transmission of purified potyviruses. Phytopathology 71:922–924
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Pirone T. P. 1991; Viral genes and gene products that determine insect transmissibility. Seminars in Virology 2:81–87
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Pirone T. P., Thornbury D. W. 1983; Role of virion and helper component in regulating aphid transmission of tobacco etch virus. Phytopathology 73:872–875
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Raccah B., Pirone T. P. 1984; Characteristics of and factors affecting helper-component-mediated aphid transmission of a potyvirus. Phytopathology 74:305–308
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Tao B. Y., Lee K. C. P. 1994; Mutagenesis by PCR. In PCR Technology Current Innovations pp 69–83 Edited by Griffin H. G., Griffin A. M. Boca Raton: CRC Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Taylor C. E., Robertson W. M. 1974; Electron microscopy evidence for the association of tobacco severe etch virus with the maxillae in Myzuspersicae (Sulz.). Phytopathologische Zeitschrift 80:257–266
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Thornbury D. W., Hellmann G. M., Rhoads R. E., Pirone T. P. 1985; Purification and characterization of potyvirus helper component. Virology 144:260–267
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Thornbury D. W., Patterson C. A., Dessens J. T., Pirone T. P. 1990; Comparative sequence of the helper component (HC) region of potato virus Y and a HC-defective strain, potato virus C. Virology 178:573–578
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-77-5-861
Loading
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-77-5-861
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error