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IEICE Transactions on Communications 2008 E91-B(1):164-171; doi:10.1093/ietcom/e91-b.1.164
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Copyright © 2008 The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers

Regular Section -- Papers -- Fundamental Theories for Communications

IVs to Skip for Immunizing WEP against FMS Attack

Kazukuni KOBARA1 and Hideki IMAI1,2

1 The authors are with the Research Center for Information Security, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo, 101-0021 Japan. E-mail: k-kobara{at}aist.go.jp, 2 The author is with the Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, Tokyo, 112-8551 Japan.


  Abstract

The WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) is a part of IEEE 802.11 standard designed for protecting over-the-air communication. While almost all of the WLAN (Wireless LAN) cards and the APs (Access Points) support WEP, a serious key recovery attack (aka FMS attack) was identified by Fluhrer et al. The FMS attack can basically be prevented by skipping IVs (Initial Values) used in the attack, but naive skip methods reveal information on the WEP key since most of them depend on the WEP key and the patterns of the skipped IV reveal it. In order to skip IVs safely, the skip patterns must be chosen carefully. In this paper, we review the attack conditions (6) and (7), whose success probability is the highest, 0.05, amongst all known conditions to guess one key-byte from one packet. Then we identify their safe skip patterns.

Key Words: RC4, WEP, IEEE802.11, WLAN, FMS attack

Manuscript received August 3, 2006. Manuscript revised June 6, 2007.


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