Article Tools

Search for Related Articles

  • By Author
  • Search In

Press Release

Unique Collaboration Charts the Migrations of a Parasite that Affected History
Researchers Sequence Louse DNA from Mummies and Propose New Model for its Development


In the News

Featured in Scientific American
"Stomach Bug May Ward Off Asthma" July 16, 2008
Helicobacter pylori Colonization Is Inversely Associated with Childhood Asthma
Yu Chen, Martin J. Blaser
"...scientists analyzed data from more than 7,000 participants in a national health and nutrition survey. They found that children between the ages of three and 13 are less than half as likely to have asthma if they carry H. pylori. They also had half the incidence of hay fever and other allergies. The results appear online in the July 15th issue of The Journal of Infectious Diseases."

Featured in U.S. News & World Report
"Stomach Germ May Protect Against Asthma" July 15, 2008
Helicobacter pylori Colonization Is Inversely Associated with Childhood Asthma

Yu Chen, Martin J. Blaser
"A stomach bacterium called Helicobacter pylori may reduce a child's risk of developing asthma by as much as 50 percent, a new study suggests.  H. pylori has been present in the human stomach probably since humans were humans. However, the germ began disappearing over the course of the 20th century with the introduction of antibiotics and cleaner water and homes, perhaps making children more susceptible to asthma, the study authors suggested."

Featured in Wired News
"Internal Bacterial Imbalance Leads to Asthma" July 15, 2008
Helicobacter pylori Colonization Is Inversely Associated with Childhood Asthma
Yu Chen, Martin J. Blaser
"In a study published yesterday in the Journal of Infectious Diseases, researchers showed that Heliobacter pylori, an intestinal microbe that co-evolved with humans, appears to protect children from asthma.  Asthma rates have nearly doubled in the United States since 1970, and are swelling in the developing world. Underlying the rise is a constellation of causes -- and one of these may be the loss of H. pylori, a vanishing member of the rich bacterial ecosystems in our stomachs."

Featured in Reuters
"Zinc reduces common cold symptoms" April 17, 2008
Duration and Severity of Symptoms and Levels of Plasma Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist, Soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor, and Adhesion Molecules in Patients with Common Cold Treated with Zinc Acetate
Ananda S. Prasad, Frances W. J. Beck, Bin Bao, Diane Snell, and James T. Fitzgerald
Zinc acetate lozenges taken within 24 hours of developing symptoms of the common cold reduce the duration and severity of symptoms, according to a report in The Journal of Infectious Diseases.

Featured in National Public Radio
"Peruvian Mummies' Lice Came from Africa" February 7, 2008
Molecular Identification of Lice from Pre-Columbian Mummies

Didier Raoult, David L. Reed, Katharina Dittmar, Jeremy J. Kirchman, Jean-Marc Rolain, Sonia Guillen, and Jessica E. Light
When humans migrated out of Africa 100,000 years ago, they were likely carrying stowaways. Scientists who've tested head lice taken from Peruvian mummies found the strains of these little parasites were nearly identical to those that were irritating our ancestors in Africa.

Featured in New York Times
"Scientists Say Mummies' Lice Show Pre-Columbian Origins" February 7, 2008
Molecular Identification of Lice from Pre-Columbian Mummies
Didier Raoult, David L. Reed, Katharina Dittmar, Jeremy J. Kirchman, Jean-Marc Rolain, Sonia Guillen, and Jessica E. Light
[In a new paper for the JID, scientists] establish that lice had accompanied their human hosts in the original peopling of the Americas, probably as early as 15,000 years ago. The DNA matched that of the most common type of louse known to exist worldwide now and also before Europeans colonized the New World.

Featured in Reuters
"Head lice came with us out of Africa" February 6, 2008
Molecular Identification of Lice from Pre-Columbian Mummies
Didier Raoult, David L. Reed, Katharina Dittmar, Jeremy J. Kirchman, Jean-Marc Rolain, Sonia Guillen, and Jessica E. Light
Head lice taken from 1,000-year-old mummies in Peru support the idea that the little creatures accompanied humans on their first migration out of Africa, 100,000 years ago, researchers reported on Wednesday.

15 November 2004

Volume 190, Number 10
The Journal of Infectious Diseases 2004;190:1730–1738
0022-1899/2004/19010-0002$15.00
DOI: 10.1086/425019
MAJOR ARTICLE

Community-Adapted Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): Population Dynamics of an Expanding Community Reservoir of MRSA

Heather A. Carleton,1,a

Binh An Diep,1,3,a

Edwin D. Charlebois,2

George F. Sensabaugh,3 and

Françoise Perdreau-Remington1

1Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and 2AIDS Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, and 3Program in Infectious Diseases and Immunity, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley

To define methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) reservoirs in the community and their population dynamics, we studied the molecular epidemiology of a random sample ( ) from a collection of 2154 inpatient and outpatient MRSA isolates during a 7-year period in San Francisco. We noted a progressive replacement of type II staphylococcal chromosomal cassette (SCC)mec–bearing isolates with type IV SCCmec–bearing isolates, which coincided with >4-fold increase in methicillin resistance between 1998 and 2002. Type IV SCCmec–bearing isolates involved in the increase in methicillin resistance belonged to 4 molecular genotypes. These 4 genotypes were associated predominantly with community-onset disease, rather than hospital- or long-term-care facility–onset disease (76.9% vs. 19.4% vs. 3.7%; ), suggesting that they are not feral descendants of hospital isolates. The longitudinal results linked the dramatic increase in MRSA infections to an expanding community reservoir of MRSA genotypes with intrinsic community survival advantage.

Received 19 April 2004; accepted 26 May 2004; electronically published 18 October 2004.

  • Presented in part: 43rd Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Chicago, 14–17 September 2003 (abstract C2-1983).

    Financial support: Pfizer Corp. (grant to F.P-R.); University of California, Berkeley (Eugene Cota-Robles Predoctoral Fellowship to B.A.D.).

    Potential conflict of interest: F.P.-R. is a consultant for Pfizer Corp.

  • aH.A.C. and B.A.D. contributed equally to this manuscript.

Reprints or correspondence: Dr. Françoise Perdreau-Remington, Dept. of Medicine, Div. of Infectious Diseases, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, 1001 Potrero Ave., UCSF 1372, Bldg. 100, Rm. 301, San Francisco, CA 94110 ().

Cited by

Martin E. Stryjewski and Henry F. Chambers. (2008) Skin and Soft-Tissue Infections Caused by Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Clinical Infectious Diseases 46:s5, S368-S377
Online publication date: 1-Jun-2008.
Binh An Diep, Gregory G. Stone, Li Basuino, Christopher J. Graber, Alita Miller, Shelley-Ann des Etages, Alison Jones, Amy M. Palazzolo-Ballance, Françoise Perdreau-Remington, George F. Sensabaugh, Frank R. DeLeo, and Henry F. Chambers. (2008) The Arginine Catabolic Mobile Element and Staphylococcal Chromosomal Cassette mec Linkage: Convergence of Virulence and Resistance in the USA300 Clone of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The Journal of Infectious Diseases 197:11, 1523-1530
Online publication date: 1-Jun-2008.
Catherine Liu, Christopher J. Graber, Michael Karr, Binh An Diep, Li Basuino, Brian S. Schwartz, Mark C. Enright, Simon J. O'Hanlon, Jonathon C. Thomas, Francoise Perdreau-Remington, Shelley Gordon, Helen Gunthorpe, Richard Jacobs, Peter Jensen, Gifford Leoung, James S. Rumack, and Henry F. Chambers. (2008) A Population-Based Study of the Incidence and Molecular Epidemiology of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Disease in San Francisco, 2004–2005. Clinical Infectious Diseases 46:11, 1637-1646
Online publication date: 1-Jun-2008.
Lona Mody, Carol A. Kauffman, Susan Donabedian, Marcus Zervos, and Suzanne F. Bradley. (2008) Epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus Colonization in Nursing Home Residents. Clinical Infectious Diseases 46:9, 1368-1373
Online publication date: 1-May-2008.
Loren G. Miller and Binh An Diep. (2008) Clinical Practice: Colonization, Fomites, and Virulence: Rethinking the Pathogenesis of Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection. Clinical Infectious Diseases 46:5, 752-760
Online publication date: 1-Mar-2008.
Jurij R Bilyk. (2007) Periocular infection. Current Opinion in Ophthalmology 18:5, 414-423
Online publication date: 1-Oct-2007.
CrossRef
Peter C. Appelbaum. (2007) Microbiology of Antibiotic Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Clinical Infectious Diseases 45:s3, S165-S170
Online publication date: 15-Sep-2007.
Vance G. Fowler, Jr., Charlotte L. Nelson, Lauren M. McIntyre, Barry N. Kreiswirth, Alastair Monk, Gordon L. Archer, Jerome Federspiel, Steven Naidich, Brian Remortel, Thomas Rude, Pamela Brown, L. Barth Reller, G. Ralph Corey, and Steven R. Gill. (2007) Potential Associations between Hematogenous Complications and Bacterial Genotype in Staphylococcus aureus Infection. The Journal of Infectious Diseases 196:5, 738-747
Online publication date: 1-Sep-2007.
Maureen Miller, Christian Cespedes, Meera Bhat, Peter Vavagiakis, Robert S. Klein, and Franklin D. Lowy. (2007) Incidence and Persistence of Staphylococcus aureus Nasal Colonization in a Community Sample of HIV-Infected and -Uninfected Drug Users. Clinical Infectious Diseases 45:3, 343-346
Online publication date: 1-Aug-2007.
Patrice Francois, David Hernandez, Jacques Schrenzel. (2007) Genome content determination in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Future Microbiology 2:2, 187-198
Online publication date: 1-May-2007.
CrossRef
Loren G. Miller, Franciose Perdreau-Remington, Arnold S. Bayer, Binh Diep, Nelly Tan, Kiran Bharadwa, Jennifer Tsui, Joshua Perlroth, Anthony Shay, Grace Tagudar, Uzoma Ibebuogu, and Brad Spellberg. (2007) Clinical and Epidemiologic Characteristics Cannot Distinguish Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection from Methicillin-Susceptible S. aureus Infection: A Prospective Investigation. Clinical Infectious Diseases 44:4, 471-482
Online publication date: 15-Feb-2007.
Susan Boyle-Vavra, Robert S Daum. (2007) Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: the role of Panton–Valentine leukocidin. Laboratory Investigation 87:1, 3-9
Online publication date: 1-Feb-2007.
CrossRef
Molly B. Hasty, Ann Klasner, Sean Kness, T. Kent Denmark, Don Ellis, Martin I. Herman, Lance Brown. (2007) Cutaneous Community-associated Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among All Skin and Soft-tissue Infections in Two Geographically Distant Pediatric Emergency Departments . Academic Emergency Medicine 14:1, 35-40
Online publication date: 1-Feb-2007.
CrossRef
Kathy Thompson, Francesca Torriani. (2006) Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the patient with HIV infection. Current HIV/AIDS Reports 3:3, 107-112
Online publication date: 1-Oct-2006.
CrossRef
Irene Tien. (2006) Update on the management of skin, soft-tissue, and osteoarticular infections in children. Current Opinion in Pediatrics 18:3, 254-259
Online publication date: 1-Jul-2006.
CrossRef
Binh An Diep, Heather A. Carleton, Richard F. Chang, George F. Sensabaugh, and Françoise Perdreau-Remington. (2006) Roles of 34 Virulence Genes in the Evolution of Hospital- and Community-Associated Strains of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The Journal of Infectious Diseases 193:11, 1495-1503
Online publication date: 1-Jun-2006.
P. C. Appelbaum. (2006) MRSA-the tip of the iceberg. Clinical Microbiology and Infection 12:s2, 3-10
Online publication date: 1-May-2006.
CrossRef
W. V. Kern. (2006) Daptomycin: first in a new class of antibiotics for complicated skin and soft-tissue infections. International Journal of Clinical Practice 60:3, 370-378
Online publication date: 1-Apr-2006.
CrossRef
M. F. Q. Kluytmans-VandenBergh, J. A. J. W. Kluytmans. (2006) Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: current perspectives. Clinical Microbiology and Infection 12:s1, 9-15
Online publication date: 1-Apr-2006.
CrossRef
P. C. Appelbaum. (2006) The emergence of vancomycin-intermediate and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Clinical Microbiology and Infection 12:s1, 16-23
Online publication date: 1-Apr-2006.
CrossRef
Susan I. Gerber, MD; Roderick C. Jones, MPH; Mary V. Scott; Joel S. Price, MS; Mark S. Dworkin, MD, MPHTM; Mala B. Filippell, RN, BSN, CIC; Terri Rearick, RN, BS, CIC; Stacy L. Pur, RN, BSN; James B. McAuley, MD, MPH; Mary Alice Lavin, RN, MJ, CIC; Sharon F. Welbel, MD; Sylvia Garcia-Houchins, CIC; Judith L. Bova, BS; Stephen G. Weber, MD, MSc; Paul M. Arnow, MD; Janet A. Englund, MD; Patrick J. Gavin, MD; Adrienne G. Fisher, MT; Richard B. Thomson, PhD; Thomas Vescio, MD; Teresa Chou, MPH; Daniel C. Johnson, MD; Mary Beth Fry, BS, CIC; Anne H. Molloy, MSN, CIC; Laura Bardowski, RN; Gary A. Noskin, MD. (2006) Management of Outbreaks of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Consensus Statement • . Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 27:2, 139-145
Online publication date: 1-Feb-2006.
Leonard B. Johnson, MD; Sajjad Saeed, MD; Joan Pawlak, BS; Odette Manzor, MS; Louis D. Saravolatz, MD. (2006) Clinical and Laboratory Features of Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Is It Really New? • . Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 27:2, 133-138
Online publication date: 1-Feb-2006.
G. M. Eliopoulos. (2006) Antimicrobial agents for treatment of serious infections caused by resistant Staphylococcus aureus and enterococci. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 24:12, 826
CrossRef
John S. Francis, Karen Carroll. (2005) Community-acquired MRSA: A Notable Adversary. Southern Medical Journal 98:11, 1061-1062
Online publication date: 1-Dec-2005.
CrossRef
Nancy Crum. (2005) The emergence of severe, community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases 37:9, 651-656
Online publication date: 1-Oct-2005.
CrossRef
Erica S. Pan, Binh An Diep, Edwin D. Charlebois, Colette Auerswald, Heather A. Carleton, George F. Sensabaugh, and Françoise Perdreau-Remington. (2005) Population Dynamics of Nasal Strains of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus—and Their Relation to Community-Associated Disease Activity. The Journal of Infectious Diseases 192:5, 811-818
Online publication date: 1-Sep-2005.
Clarence B. Creech, Douglas S. Kernodle, Andrew Alsentzer, Cynthia Wilson, Kathryn M. Edwards. (2005) Increasing Rates of Nasal Carriage of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Healthy Children. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 24:7, 617-621
Online publication date: 1-Aug-2005.
CrossRef
David J. Weber, William A. Rutala. (2005) New Antibiotic Agents: Problems and Prospects. Surgical Infections 6:s2, s-97-s-107
Online publication date: 1-Jul-2005.
CrossRef
Lena M. Napolitano. (2005) Emerging Issues in the Diagnosis and Management of Infections Caused by Multi-Drug-Resistant, Gram-Positive Cocci. Surgical Infections 6:s2, s-5-s-22
Online publication date: 1-Jul-2005.
CrossRef
P. Heizmann, W. R. Heizmann, R. Hetzer. (2005) MRSA: Resistenzmechanismen, Epidemiologie, Risikofaktoren, Prophylaxe, Therapie. Zeitschrift für Herz-,Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie 19:2, 78-88
Online publication date: 1-May-2005.
CrossRef
Close Popup