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Risk Factors and Clinical Impact of Klebsiella pneumoniae Carbapenemase-Producing K. pneumoniae

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

Leanne B. Gasink ,
Paul H. Edelstein ,
Ebbing Lautenbach ,
Marie Synnestvedt  and
Neil O. Fishman
Leanne B. Gasink*
Affiliation:
Division of Infectious Diseases of the Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Center for Education and Research on Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Paul H. Edelstein
Affiliation:
Division of Infectious Diseases of the Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Ebbing Lautenbach
Affiliation:
Division of Infectious Diseases of the Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Center for Education and Research on Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Marie Synnestvedt
Affiliation:
Office of Human Research, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Neil O. Fishman
Affiliation:
Division of Infectious Diseases of the Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Center for Education and Research on Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
*
FOC NW2 652 1800 Concord Pike, Wilmington, DE 19803-2902 (leanne.gasink@astrazeneca.com)
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Abstract

Background.

Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing K. pneumoniae is an emerging pathogen with serious clinical and infection control implications. To our knowledge, no study has specifically examined risk factors for KPC-producing K. pneumoniae or its impact on mortality.

Methods.

To identify risk factors for infection or colonization with KPC-producing K. pneumoniae, a case-control study was performed. Case patients with KPC-producing K. pneumoniae were compared with control subjects with carbapenem-susceptible K. pneumoniae. A cohort study evaluated the association between KPC-producing K. pneumoniae and in-hospital mortality.

Results.

Fifty-six case patients and 863 control subjects were identified. In multivariable analysis, independent risk factors for KPC-producing K. pneumoniae were (1) severe illness (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 4.31; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.25–8.25), (2) prior fluoroquinolone use (AOR, 3.39; 95% CI, 1.50, 7.66), and (3) prior extended-spectrum cephalosporin use (AOR, 2.55; 95% CI, 1.18, 5.52). Compared with samples from other anatomic locations, K. pneumoniae isolates from blood samples were less likely to harbor KPC (AOR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.12, 0.86). KPC-producing K. pneumoniae was independently associated with in-hospital mortality (AOR, 3.60; 95% CI, 1.87–6.91).

Conclusions.

KPC-producing K. pneumoniae is an emerging pathogen associated with significant mortality. Our findings highlight the urgent need to develop strategies for prevention and infection control. Limiting use of certain antimicrobials, specifically fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins, use may be effective strategies.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 30 , Issue 12 , December 2009 , pp. 1180 - 1185
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America 2009

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