Root enzyme activities associated with resistance to Heterodera avenae conferred by gene Cre7 in a wheat/Aegilops triuncialis introgression line

doi:10.1078/0176-1617-01165

Journal of Plant Physiology

Volume 161, Issue 4, 2004, Pages 493-495

https://doi.org/10.1078/0176-1617-01165 Get rights and content

Summary

The effect of Cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae) infection on the expression of putative root defence-related enzymes, peroxidase (PER), esterase (EST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), was studied in roots of a wheat/Aegilops triuncialis introgression line TR-3531 carrying the Cre7 resistance gene. We analysed detoxificant isozyme changes within roots of the resistant line and their susceptible parent (H-10-15) as a control, during the early interaction with the pathotype Ha71 of H. avenae. Isoelectrofocusing (IEF) isozyme analysis, four and seven days after infection, revealed that PER, EST and SOD activities increased in the resistant line TR-3531 in comparison with the susceptible control. Moreover, four and seven days after infection, the TR-3531 line showed the expression of new PER isozymes, with pIs of 9.7, 9.0, 8.5, 6.5 and 5.0, and an increased activity of some constitutive isoforms. The intensity of some EST and SOD constitutive bands increased in the resistant line after infection. However, no new isoforms were detected for EST and SOD systems. Nematode-induced enzyme activity was minor (PER) or did not occur (EST and SOD) in the compatible interaction with H-10-15. The enhanced peroxidase and esterase activities may play a role in the lignification of cell walls, which assists in the resistance to penetration by the nematode.

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Citation Excerpt :
Differential root penetration patterns and increased infection frequencies, respectively, were associated to the type of virulence on the resistant but not on the susceptible genotype. The increase in peroxidase activity observed on the resistant genotype response to population avirMj-05 infection is in agreement with that described for incompatible plant–nematode interactions (Zacheo et al., 1997; Andrés et al., 2001; Montes et al., 2004). However, differential peroxidase patterns were associated to the type of virulence on the resistant genotype roots.
In a comparison of reproductive traits of 29 field populations of Meloidogyne spp. on resistant and susceptible tomatoes, 48% of the populations were virulent against the Mi.1 gene. Virulent populations produced more (P < 0.05) egg masses/plant, eggs/plant, eggs/g root, and showed higher infection frequencies and multiplication rates than the avirulent populations. The fecundity of females did not differ between the resistant and susceptible genotype, and did not change with the virulence status of the populations. On the resistant genotype, the populations collected from the susceptible tomato showed lower (P < 0.05) reproductive traits than those collected from rootstocks followed by those from resistant tomato. Meloidogyne javanica produced more (P < 0.05) egg masses/plant and eggs/g root than Meloidogyne incognita on the resistant genotype. A time course experiment was conducted to determine if root penetration by M. javanica populations with different Mi.1 virulence status is conditioned by the expression of resistance on tomato. Significant differences between populations were observed as early as of 2 days post-inoculation on the susceptible genotype. On the resistant genotype, low juvenile numbers from populations with acquired virulence penetrated the roots up to 4 dpi, but their numbers significantly increased 7 dpi. Juveniles of the natural virulent population followed similar penetration pattern on the resistant and susceptible genotypes. Peroxidases are involved in the oxidative burst typically associated with the hypersensitive response in incompatible host–pathogen interactions. Isoelectrofocusing isozyme analysis revealed an increase in the peroxidase activity on the resistant genotype after inoculation with the avirulent population and to a lesser degree with the populations with acquired virulence in comparison with the natural virulent population.
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Root enzyme activities associated with resistance to Heterodera avenae conferred by gene Cre7 in a wheat/Aegilops triuncialis introgression line

Summary

Physiol Mol Plant Pathol

New Phytol

Adv Bot Res

Theor Appl Genet

Theor Appl Genet

Theor Appl Genet