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Accessing the Inner Self: Memory

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Pivoting

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Abstract

In terms of our consciousness, we don’t exist without memory. It is the holder of who we are in the present. Memory is a crucial linchpin between our beliefs and ways of knowing. Our beliefs are lodged in memory but we often do not have direct access to what they are and why they motivate us. Likewise, we have large stores of knowledge in memory, some of which we are aware of and some of which form non-conscious assumptions about the world around us.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Radvansky (2016).

  2. 2.

    Radvansky (2016).

  3. 3.

    See Tulving (2002), Nadel and Land (2000), Alberini and LeDoux (2013), Miller and Matzel (2000), Fernyhough (2012).

  4. 4.

    Schacter (2001).

  5. 5.

    Tulving (1985).

  6. 6.

    Tulving (2002), p. 9.

  7. 7.

    Nielsen (1958).

  8. 8.

    Eichenbaum (2008).

  9. 9.

    Eichenbaum (2008).

  10. 10.

    Westen (1999).

  11. 11.

    Eichenbaum (2008).

  12. 12.

    Westen (1999).

  13. 13.

    Westen (1999).

  14. 14.

    Weston (1999), p. 1097.

  15. 15.

    Westen (1999).

  16. 16.

    Harmon and Yokam (2009).

  17. 17.

    Bartlett (1932/1995).

  18. 18.

    Stock and Zhang (2013).

  19. 19.

    Crystal and Glanzman (2013).

  20. 20.

    Stock and Zhang (2013).

  21. 21.

    Tulving (1985).

  22. 22.

    Tulving (2002).

  23. 23.

    Tulving (2002), p. 2.

  24. 24.

    Klein (2016).

  25. 25.

    Tulving (2002), p. 2.

  26. 26.

    Ingvar (1985), p. 130.

  27. 27.

    Metcalfe and Son (2012).

  28. 28.

    Klein (2016), p. 391.

  29. 29.

    Nyberg, McIntosh, Cabeza, Habib and Tulving (1996).

  30. 30.

    Rajaram (1993).

  31. 31.

    Tulving (1993).

  32. 32.

    Tulving (2002), p. 14.

  33. 33.

    Crystal (2013).

  34. 34.

    Crystal (2013).

  35. 35.

    Crystal (2013).

  36. 36.

    Crystal (2013).

  37. 37.

    McDaniel and Einstein (2007).

  38. 38.

    Crystal (2013), p. 750.

  39. 39.

    Szpunar, Addis and Schacter (2012).

  40. 40.

    Szpunar et al. (2012), p. 28.

  41. 41.

    Sharot (2011).

  42. 42.

    Sharot (2011), p. 943.

  43. 43.

    Sharot (2011), p. 943.

  44. 44.

    Sharot (2011), p. 944.

  45. 45.

    Szpunar et al. (2012), p. 28.

  46. 46.

    Sharot (2011).

  47. 47.

    Bartlett (1932) in Fernyhough (2012).

  48. 48.

    Alberini and LeDoux (2013).

  49. 49.

    Alberini and LeDoux (2013), p. 746.

  50. 50.

    Albertini and LeDoux (2013), p. 746.

  51. 51.

    Fernyhough (2012).

  52. 52.

    Albertini and LeDoux (2013), p. 747.

  53. 53.

    Nadel and Land (2000), p. 211.

  54. 54.

    Fernyhough (2012)

  55. 55.

    Fernyhough (2012), p. 171.

  56. 56.

    Fernyhough (2012).

  57. 57.

    Fernyhough (2012), p. 209.

  58. 58.

    Laland and Rendell (2013), p. 2013.

  59. 59.

    Wang (2008).

  60. 60.

    Wang (2008).

  61. 61.

    Fernyhough (2012), p. 14.

  62. 62.

    Fernyhough (2012).

  63. 63.

    Gross (2013)

  64. 64.

    Fernyhough (2010), Weston (1999).

  65. 65.

    Weston (1999).

  66. 66.

    Tulving (2002, p. 4; 1989).

  67. 67.

    There is much work on unconscious processes in the psychoanalytical field, especially how these unconscious processes relate to affective processes and motivation. Our discussion does not delve into these processes, but attempts to discuss those topics that are immediately useful to coaching as distinguished from therapy. We realize that this line may be blurry as some psychological constructs are very useful to the coach.

  68. 68.

    Westen (1999).

  69. 69.

    Westen (1999).

  70. 70.

    Westen (1999), p. 1066.

  71. 71.

    Fazio, Jackson, Dunton and Williams (1995).

  72. 72.

    Steele (1997).

  73. 73.

    Weston (1999), p. 1076.

  74. 74.

    Mayer (2007).

  75. 75.

    Silverman and Weinberger (1985).

  76. 76.

    Silverman and Weinberger (1985).

  77. 77.

    Mayer (2007).

  78. 78.

    Mayer (2007), p. 221.

  79. 79.

    Mayer (2007), p. 222.

  80. 80.

    Sohlberg, Birgegard, Czartoryski, Ovefelt and Strömbom (2000).

  81. 81.

    Parkin (2008), p. 612.

  82. 82.

    Parkin (2008), p. 612.

  83. 83.

    Parkin (2008), p. 612.

  84. 84.

    Parkin (2008).

  85. 85.

    Wentura and Rothermund (2014).

  86. 86.

    Wentura and Rothermund (2014), Molden (2014)

  87. 87.

    Wentura and Rothermund (2014), p. 56.

  88. 88.

    Mussweiler (2001).

  89. 89.

    Englich, Mussweiler and Strach (2006).

  90. 90.

    Englich et al. (2006).

  91. 91.

    Englich et al. (2006), p. 191.

  92. 92.

    Wentura and Rothermund (2014), p. 56.

  93. 93.

    Mussweiler (2001)

  94. 94.

    Wentura and Rothermund (2014).

  95. 95.

    Mussweiler (2001).

  96. 96.

    Wentura and Rothermund (2014).

  97. 97.

    Bargh, Chen and Burrows (1996).

  98. 98.

    Bargh et al. (1996).

  99. 99.

    Bargh et al. (1996).

  100. 100.

    Bargh et al. (1996), p. 230.

  101. 101.

    Wentura and Rothermund (2014), p. 61.

  102. 102.

    Fujita and Trope (2014).

  103. 103.

    Fujita and Trope (2014), p. 82.

  104. 104.

    Fujita and Trope (2014), p. 82.

  105. 105.

    Fujita and Trope (2014), pp. 68–69.

  106. 106.

    Fujita and Trope (2014), p. 69.

  107. 107.

    Molden (2014), pp. 243–244.

  108. 108.

    Higgins and Eitam (2014).

  109. 109.

    Fernyhough (2012), p. 16.

  110. 110.

    Weston (1999), p. 1094.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Appreciative Coaching Collaborative, LLC, Billings, MT, USA

    Ann L. Clancy

  2. Appreciative Coaching Collaborative, LLC, Milford, MI, USA

    Jacqueline Binkert

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Clancy, A.L., Binkert, J. (2017). Accessing the Inner Self: Memory. In: Pivoting. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-60263-3_6

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